ArticleCell reports2021
Astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles promote synapse formation via fibulin-2-mediated TGF-β signaling.
Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Evolution of Neural Complexity: Perspectives on Vesicle-Mediated Neuron-Glia Communication.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Astrocytic LMP2 Coordinates NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling to Drive Neuroinflammation after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Ferritin-ApoE nanocarrier for targeted therapy of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Astrocytes from P301S Tau mice exhibit non-canonical protein secretion and reduced morphological complexity.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Neuronal Calcium Signaling and Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Attenuation of epicardial activation and myofibroblast abundance via the Fbln2-Nupr1b axis stimulates cardiac regeneration in zebrafish.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Neurovascular Unit-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regulators of Post-Stroke Pathology and Neurorestoration.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Satellite Glial Cells Control Sensory Neuron Excitability via the Release of Fibulin-2.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Diagnostic Tools in Gut-Brain Axis Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Atypical antipsychotics alter microglial functions via astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Regulatory mechanisms and research progress of astrocytes in the neuro-endocrine-immune network.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neuron-Glioma Synapses in Tumor Progression.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Extracellular RNAs as Messengers and Early Biomarkers in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Brain Synapses: Neurons, Astrocytes, and Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- AstroGreen transgenic mouse illuminates the trafficking of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2025Article
- Losartan attenuates depression-like behavior in epileptic rats by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Intercellular signaling and synaptic deconstruction uncovered by single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in an AD tauopathy model.Communications biology · 2025Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Review
- Potential of Fibulin2 as a therapeutic target against cancer and as a diagnostic marker (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from different brain tissue cells: A potential therapeutic measure for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in immature brains.Histology and histopathology · 2025Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neuronal synapse formation is critical for brain development and depends on secreted factors from astrocytes. Here, we report that small extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from primary astrocytes, but not from neurons or C6 glioma cells, greatly enhance spine and synapse formation by primary cortical neurons. A comparative proteomics analysis of small EVs from astrocytes, neurons, and C6 glioma cells identified fibulin-2 as a promising EV cargo to regulate synaptogenesis. Treatment of cortical neurons with recombinant fibulin-2 increased the formation of spines and synapses, similar to the effect of small EVs. In addition, treatment of neurons with fibulin-2 or astrocyte-derived small EVs led to increased phosphorylation of Smad2, an indicator of TGF-β signaling. Finally, the effects of fibulin-2 and astrocyte-derived small EVs on synapse formation were reversed by inhibiting transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling. These data suggest a model in which astrocyte EVs promote synapse formation via fibulin-2-mediated activation of TGF-β signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.