ReviewCanadian journal of respiratory therapy : CJRT = Revue canadienne de la therapie respiratoire : RCTR2021
How to deliver aerosolized medications through high flow nasal cannula safely and effectively in the era of COVID-19 and beyond: A narrative review.
Review in Canadian journal of respiratory therapy : CJRT = Revue canadienne de la therapie respiratoire : RCTR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-flow nasal cannula in severe asthma exacerbations: current evidence and clinical perspectives.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Surfactant therapy using vibrating-mesh nebulizers in adults with COVID-19-induced ARDS: A case series.SAGE open medical case reports · 2024Article
- High flow nasal cannula for adult acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in the ED setting.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2021Review
- Modified T-piece jet nebulizer with high-flow nasal cannula in a severe COVID-19 patient with intensive care unit delirium.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
- The efficiency of high-flow nasal cannula for adult patients with coronavirus disease 19 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Annals of thoracic medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe treatments of COVID-19 involve some degree of uncertainty. Current evidence also shows mixed findings with regards to bioaerosol dispersion and airborne transmission of COVID-19 during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. While coping with this global pandemic created hot debates on the use of HFNC, it is important to bring detached opinions and current evidence to the attention of health care professionals (HCPs) who may need to use HFNC in patients with COVID-19.
aimThe purpose of this paper is to provide a framework on the selection, placement, and use of nebulizers as well as HFNC prongs, gas flow, and delivery technique via HFNC to help clinicians deliver aerosolized medications through HFNC safely and effectively in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Science Direct to identify studies on aerosol drug delivery through HFNC using the following keywords: ("aerosols," OR "nebulizers") AND ("high flow nasal cannula" OR "high flow oxygen therapy" OR "HFNC") AND ("COVID-19," OR "SARS-CoV-2"). Twenty-eight articles including in vitro studies, randomized clinical trials, scintigraphy studies, review articles, prospective and retrospective research were included in this review. DISCUSSION AND
resultsIt is not clear if the findings of the previous studies on bacterial contamination could be applied to viral transmission because they do not provide data that could be extrapolated to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In the face of the unknown risk with the transmission of COVID-19 during HFNC therapy, the benefits of HFNC must be weighed against the risk of infection to HCPs and other patients. Due to the limited number of ventilators available in hospitals and the confirmed effectiveness of HFNC in treating hypoxemic respiratory failure, HFNC may prevent early intubation, and prolonged intensive care unit stays in patients with COVID-19.
conclusionClinicians should review the magnitude of this risk based on current evidence and use the suggested strategies of this paper for safe and effective delivery of aerosolized medications through HFNC in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.
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Registered trials
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