ArticleClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2021
High Expression of COX-2 Associated with the Depth of Invasion on Acral Melanoma by Increasing TGF-β1.
Article in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression and its Association with Histopathological Features of Human Malignant Melanoma.Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Phenolic acids and a static magnetic field change the expression of transforming growth factor β isoforms in amelanotic melanoma cells.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- High Immunoexpression of COX-2 as a Metastatic Risk Factor in ccRCC without PD-L1 Involvement.Research and reports in urology · 2021Article
- CD103+ T Lymphocyte Count Linked to the Thickness of Invasion on Acral Melanoma without E-Cadherin Involvement.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAcral melanoma (AM) has a poor prognosis since it is easily metastatic and resistant to chemo and immunotherapy. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a role in the carcinogenesis process. The increased expression of COX-2 has an impact on increasing levels of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell (MDSC), which is a key regulator of immune. The increase in MDSC produces Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1), which will suppress Natural Killer (NK) cells and Dendritic Cells (DC) function so that tumor cells are spared from the immune systems and are easier to invade surrounding tissues. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the role of COX-2 and TGF-β1 on the depth of invasion on AM. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis study was a cross-sectional observational study on 40 paraffin blocks of AM cases during 2014-2019 in the Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. The depth of invasion of all samples was measured by dotSlide imaging software and the immunohistochemical staining of COX-2 and TGF-β1 was performed. The association between COX-2 and TGF-β1 expression and AM depth of invasion were analyzed using Mann Whitney.
resultsThe result showed a significant association between COX-2 and TGF-β1 expression and depth of invasion on AM. COX-2 expression had a significant association with TGF-β1 expression (0.0001). Through multivariate analysis, it was found that COX-2 had the greatest association with the depth of invasion (p=0.0001).
conclusionThe findings showed that increasing expression of COX-2 in AM is associated with the depth of invasion by increasing TGF-β1 and it might play important roles during the invasion process of AM.
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