Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33688182›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2021

Peptide-Based Hydrogels and Nanogels for Delivery of Doxorubicin.

Enrico Gallo, Carlo Diaferia, Elisabetta Rosa, Giovanni Smaldone, Giancarlo Morelli, Antonella Accardo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Enrico GalloIRCCS SDN, Naples, 80143, Italy.
Carlo DiaferiaDepartment of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9273-0136
Elisabetta RosaDepartment of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy.
Giovanni SmaldoneIRCCS SDN, Naples, 80143, Italy.
Giancarlo MorelliDepartment of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy.
Antonella AccardoDepartment of Pharmacy and Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7899-2359

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe clinical use of the antitumoral drug doxorubicin (Dox) is reduced by its dose-limiting toxicity, related to cardiotoxic side effects and myelosuppression. In order to overcome these drawbacks, here we describe the synthesis, the structural characterization and the in vitro cytotoxicity assays of hydrogels (HGs) and nanogels (NGs) based on short peptide sequences loaded with Dox or with its liposomal formulation, Doxil.

methodsFmoc-FF alone or in combination with (FY)3 or PEG8-(FY)3 peptides, at two different ratios (1/1 and 2/1 v/v), were used for HGs and NGs formulations. HGs were prepared according to the "solvent-switch" method, whereas NGs were obtained through HG submicronition by the top-down methodology in presence of TWEEN

resultsDox filled hydrogels exhibit a high drug loading content (DLC=0.440), without syneresis after 10 days. Gelation kinetics (20-40 min) and the drug release (16-28%) over time of HGs were found dependent on relative peptide composition. Dox filled NGs exhibit a DLC of 0.137 and a low drug release (20-40%) after 72 h. Empty HGs and NGs show a high cell viability (>95%), whereas Dox loaded ones significantly reduce cell viability after 24 h (49-57%) and 72 h (7-25%) of incubation, respectively. Immunofluorescence assays evidenced a different cell localization for Dox delivered through HGs and NGs with respect to the free drug. DISCUSSION: A modulation of the Dox release can be obtained by changing the ratios of the peptide components. The different cellular localization of the drug loaded into HGs and NGs suggests an alternative internalization mechanism. The high DLC, the low drug release and preliminary in vitro results suggest a potential employment of peptide-based HGs and NGs as drug delivery tools.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAntineoplastic AgentsCell DeathCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalDoxorubicinDrug CarriersDrug LiberationDynamic Light ScatteringEndocytosisHumansHydrogelsNanogelsPeptidesAntineoplastic AgentsDoxorubicinDrug CarriersHydrogelsNanogelsPeptidesdoxorubicindrug deliveryhydrogelsin vitro assaysnanogelspeptide materials

Identifiers

PMID33688182
PMCPMC7935351

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.