ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2021
Relative and Absolute Risk to Guide the Management of Pulse Pressure, an Age-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factor.
Article in American journal of hypertension, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mortality and Cardiovascular End Points In Relation to the Aortic Pulse Wave Components: An Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Pooled it
- Blood pressure parameters and cognitive decline and dementia after stroke or transient ischemic attack: results from the PROGRESS trial.American journal of hypertension · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of Pulse Pressure as a Hemodynamic Marker of Cardiac Disease in Dogs and Horses Undergoing Pre-Anesthetic Assessment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Elevated Pulse Pressure and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease by Hypertension Status: A Longitudinal Study in Japanese Adults.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Age-Dependent Associations Between Pulse Pressure and Long-Term Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Functionally-important arterial properties that can be determined from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements in hypertensive patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- [Luces y sombras de la Guía Europea esc-2021 de Prevención de la Enfermedad Cardiovascular en la Práctica Clínica.]Revista espanola de salud publica · 2023Article
- What did we learn from the International Databases on Ambulatory and Home Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcome?Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Review
- Body Mass Index Measured Repeatedly over 42 Years as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke: The HUNT Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Prognostic Impact of 24-Hour Pulse Pressure Components in Treated Hypertensive Patients Older Than 65 Years.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Elevated pulse pressure and cardiovascular risk associated in Spanish population attended in primary care: IBERICAN study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Blood Pressure Measures and Incident Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- The optimal pulse pressures for healthy adults with different ages and sexes correlate with cardiovascular health metrics.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Fructose plus High-Salt Diet in Early Life Results in Salt-Sensitive Cardiovascular Changes in Mature Male Sprague Dawley Rats.Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPulse pressure (PP) reflects the age-related stiffening of the central arteries, but no study addressed the management of the PP-related risk over the human lifespan.
methodsIn 4,663 young (18-49 years) and 7,185 older adults (≥50 years), brachial PP was recorded over 24 hours. Total mortality and all major cardiovascular events (MACEs) combined were coprimary endpoints. Cardiovascular death, coronary events, and stroke were secondary endpoints.
resultsIn young adults (median follow-up, 14.1 years; mean PP, 45.1 mm Hg), greater PP was not associated with absolute risk; the endpoint rates were ≤2.01 per 1,000 person-years. The adjusted hazard ratios expressed per 10-mm Hg PP increments were less than unity (P ≤ 0.027) for MACE (0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.96) and cardiovascular death (0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.75). In older adults (median follow-up, 13.1 years; mean PP, 52.7 mm Hg), the endpoint rates, expressing absolute risk, ranged from 22.5 to 45.4 per 1,000 person-years and the adjusted hazard ratios, reflecting relative risk, from 1.09 to 1.54 (P < 0.0001). The PP-related relative risks of death, MACE, and stroke decreased >3-fold from age 55 to 75 years, whereas absolute risk rose by a factor 3.
conclusionsFrom 50 years onwards, the PP-related relative risk decreases, whereas absolute risk increases. From a lifecourse perspective, young adulthood provides a window of opportunity to manage risk factors and prevent target organ damage as forerunner of premature death and MACE. In older adults, treatment should address absolute risk, thereby extending life in years and quality.
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