Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33685917›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2021

The PRRA insert at the S1/S2 site modulates cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 usage by the closely related Bat RaTG13.

Shufeng Liu, Prabhuanand Selvaraj, Christopher Z Lien, Ivette A Nunez, Wells W Wu, Chao-Kai Chou, Tony T Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. COVID-19 is a natural infectious disease.Journal of biosafety and biosecurity · 2022
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. The Potential Intermediate Hosts for SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shufeng LiuLaboratory of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Prabhuanand SelvarajLaboratory of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Christopher Z LienLaboratory of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Ivette A NunezLaboratory of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Wells W WuFacility for Biotechnology Resources, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Chao-Kai ChouFacility for Biotechnology Resources, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Tony T WangLaboratory of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA Tony.Wang@fda.hhs.gov.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8983-1721

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biochemical and structural analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is well-adapted to infecting humans and the presence of four residues (PRRA) at the S1/S2 site within the spike (S) protein, which may lead to unexpected tissue or host tropism. Here we report that SARS-CoV-2 efficiently utilized ACE2 of 9 species to infect 293T cells. Similarly, pseudoviruses bearing S protein derived from either the bat RaTG13 or pangolin GX, two closely related animal coronaviruses, utilized ACE2 of a diverse range of animal species to gain entry. Removal of PRRA from SARS-CoV-2 S protein displayed distinct effects on pseudoviral entry into different cell types. Unexpectedly, insertion of PRRA into the RaTG13 S protein selectively abrogated the usage of horseshoe bat and pangolin ACE2 but enhanced the usage of mouse ACE2 by the relevant pseudovirus to enter cells. Together, our findings identified a previously unrecognized effect of the PRRA insert on SARS-CoV-2 and RaTG13 S proteins.

Identifiers

PMID33685917
PMCPMC8139715

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.