ArticleBMC surgery2021
Taking a step down on the reconstruction ladder for head and neck reconstruction during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in BMC surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The "Opercular" Approach to Orbital Reconstruction after Orbital Exenteration Following Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Novel Method.Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2025Article
- Impact of a History of COVID-19 Infection on Postoperative Outcomes for Free Flap Patients.Ear, nose, & throat journal · 2024Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Head and Neck Cancer Management: The Experience of the Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department of a French Regional Referral Center in a High-Incidence Area.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Restoring Quality of Life: Assessing the Impact of Free Flap Reconstruction in Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Patients.Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2023Article
- Reflecting upon the Long-term Impact of COVID-19 on Cosmetic Plastic Surgery and Education.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2023Article
- Pedicled Flaps versus Free Flaps for Oral Cavity Cancer Reconstruction: A Comparison of Complications, Hospital Costs, and Functional Outcomes.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2023Article
- Wrist and hand degloved injuries salvaged with reverse radial forearm flap in the CoVid-19 era.Trauma case reports · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and head and neck oncology.Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery · 2022Article
- Pandemics and facial plastics and reconstructive surgery.Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery · 2022Article
- The Supraclavicular Artery Island Flap for Pharynx Reconstruction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- A combination of two regional flaps for the complex reconstruction after head and neck cancer surgery as an alternative approach during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- Mucormycosis: An opportunistic pathogen during COVID-19.Environmental research · 2021Review
- The outcomes of Facial Artery Musculomucosal (FAMM) flaps in oral oncologic reconstructions.National journal of maxillofacial surgeryArticle
- Supraclavicular Artery Flap for Oral Reconstruction Prior to Esophagectomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost of the head and neck cancers are time-critical and need urgent surgical treatment. Our unit is one of the departments in the region, at the forefront in treating head and neck cancers in Pakistan. We have continued treating these patients in the COVID-19 pandemic with certain modified protocols. The objective of this study is to share our experience and approach towards head and neck reconstruction during the COVID-19 pandemic.
resultsThere were a total of 31 patients, 20 (64.5%) were males and 11 (35.4%) patients were females. The mean age of patients was 52 years. Patients presented with different pathologies, i.e. Squamous cell carcinoma n = 26 (83.8%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma n = 2 (6.4%), adenoid cystic carcinoma n = 2 (6.4%) and mucormycosis n = 1 (3%). The reconstruction was done with loco-regional flaps like temporalis muscle flap n = 12 (38.7%), Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap n = 8 (25.8%), supraclavicular artery flap n = 10 (32.2%) and combination of fore-head, temporalis major and cheek rotation flaps n = 1 (3%). Defects involved different regions like maxilla n = 11 (35.4%), buccal mucosa n = 6 (19.3%), tongue with floor of mouth n = 6 (19.3%), mandible n = 4 (12.9%), parotid gland, mastoid n = 3 (9.6%) and combination of defects n = 1 (3%). Metal reconstruction plate was used in 3 (9.6%) patients with mandibular defects. All flaps survived, with the maximum follow-up of 8 months and minimum follow-up of 6 months.
conclusionPedicled flaps are proving as the workhorse for head and neck reconstruction in unique global health crisis. Vigilant use of proper PPE and adherence to the ethical principles proves to be the only shield that will benefit patients, HCW and health system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.