Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33684856›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in chemical biology2021

Not so innocent: Impact of fluorophore chemistry on the in vivo properties of bioconjugates.

Syed Muhammad Usama, Ek Raj Thapaliya, Michael P Luciano, Martin J Schnermann

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in chemical biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. More Than a Glow: How Cyanine Dyes Shape Tracer Pharmacokinetics.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Review
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  18. Photocatalyzed elaboration of antibody-based bioconjugates.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2025
    Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Syed Muhammad UsamaChemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States.
Ek Raj ThapaliyaChemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States.
Michael P LucianoChemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States.
Martin J SchnermannChemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States. Electronic address: martin.schnermann@nih.gov.
National Cancer Institute · USFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research · US

Funding

Synthesis and evaluation of small-molecule imaging agentsZIABC011506 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHNERMANN, MARTIN · 2013 to 2025
$12.1M
Near-IR Photorelease Chemistry: Discovery and ApplicationsZIABC011564 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHNERMANN, MARTIN · 2014 to 2025
$9.5M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC011506
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The combination of targeting ligands and fluorescent dyes is a powerful strategy to observe cell types and tissues of interest. Conjugates of peptides, proteins, and, in particular, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibit excellent tumor targeting in various contexts. This approach has been translated to a clinical setting to provide real-time molecular insights during the surgical resection of solid tumors. A critical element of this approach is the generation of highly fluorescent bioconjugates that maintain the properties of the parent targeting ligand. A number of studies have found that fluorophores can dramatically impact the pharmacokinetic and tumor-targeting properties of the bioconjugates they are meant to only innocently observe. In this review, we summarize several examples of these effects and highlight strategies that have been used to mitigate them. These include the application of site-specific labeling chemistries, modulating label density, and altering the structure of the fluorescent probe itself. In particular, we point out the significant potential of fluorophores with hydrophilic but net-neutral structures. Overall, this review highlights recent progress in refining the in vivo properties of fluorescent bioconjugates, and we hope, will inform future efforts in this area.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalFluorescent DyesHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsLigandsNeoplasmsOptical ImagingPeptidesStaining and LabelingStructure-Activity RelationshipAntibodies, MonoclonalFluorescent DyesLigandsPeptidesBioconjugatesCyaninesFluorescence guided surgeryFluorophores

Identifiers

PMID33684856
PMCPMC8384635
OpenAlexW3133788674

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.