Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33684341›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet. Planetary health2021

Land use-induced spillover: a call to action to safeguard environmental, animal, and human health.

Raina K Plowright, Jamie K Reaser, Harvey Locke, Stephen J Woodley, Jonathan A Patz, Daniel J Becker, Gabriel Oppler, Peter J Hudson, Gary M Tabor

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet. Planetary health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

148 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Impacts of bat use of anthropogenic structures on bats and humans.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Pooled it
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  8. Models of Pandemics: What Should We Do Differently Next Time?Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026
    Article
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  13. A systematic review and meta-analysis ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026
    Review
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88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Raina K PlowrightDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. Electronic address: raina.plowright@montana.edu.
Jamie K ReaserCenter for Large Landscape Conservation, Bozeman, MT, USA; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA; University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.
Harvey LockeYellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative, Canmore, AB, Canada.
Stephen J WoodleyIUCN, Chelsea, QC, Canada.
Jonathan A PatzDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Global Health Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Daniel J BeckerDepartment of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Gabriel OpplerCenter for Large Landscape Conservation, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Peter J HudsonHuck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA.
Gary M TaborCenter for Large Landscape Conservation, Bozeman, MT, USA.

Funding

National Science Foundation DEB-1716698US Department of Agriculture HATCH 1015891
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid global spread and human health impacts of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, show humanity's vulnerability to zoonotic disease pandemics. Although anthropogenic land use change is known to be the major driver of zoonotic pathogen spillover from wildlife to human populations, the scientific underpinnings of land use-induced zoonotic spillover have rarely been investigated from the landscape perspective. We call for interdisciplinary collaborations to advance knowledge on land use implications for zoonotic disease emergence with a view toward informing the decisions needed to protect human health. In particular, we urge a mechanistic focus on the zoonotic pathogen infect-shed-spill-spread cascade to enable protection of landscape immunity-the ecological conditions that reduce the risk of pathogen spillover from reservoir hosts-as a conservation and biosecurity priority. Results are urgently needed to formulate an integrated, holistic set of science-based policy and management measures that effectively and cost-efficiently minimise zoonotic disease risk. We consider opportunities to better institute the necessary scientific collaboration, address primary technical challenges, and advance policy and management issues that warrant particular attention to effectively address health security from local to global scales.

Indexed as

EcosystemEnvironmental PolicyPublic HealthAnimalsAnimals, WildBiodiversityCOVID-19HumansIntersectoral CollaborationSARS-CoV-2Zoonoses

Identifiers

PMID33684341
PMCPMC7935684

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.