ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2021
Limited Evidence for Sensory Prediction Error Responses in Visual Cortex of Macaques and Humans.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evidence for early and late prediction error-associated ERP responses during probabilistic cueing.iScience · 2026Article
- Ontology-constrained multi-LLM scoring of hypothesis support in the predictive processing literature.Research square · 2026Article
- During natural vision, semantic novelty modulates fixation-related processing in primate cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Contrasting predictive coding and representational accounts of perceptual organization, stimulus predictability, and attentional modulation in the visual cortical hierarchy.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2026Review
- Hierarchical substrates of prediction in visual cortical spiking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Predictive coding: a more cognitive process than we thought?Trends in cognitive sciences · 2025Review
- Unsupervised learning of temporal regularities in visual cortical populations.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Limited Evidence for Probabilistic Cueing Effects on Grating-Evoked Event-Related Potentials and Orientation Decoding Performance.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Feature-specific predictive processing: What's in a prediction error?Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Distinguishing expectation and attention effects in processing temporal patterns of visual input.Brain and cognition · 2024Article
- Recent Visual Experience Reshapes V4 Neuronal Activity and Improves Perceptual Performance.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Statistical Learning of Incidental Perceptual Regularities Induces Sensory Conditioned Cortical Responses.Biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cellular mechanisms of cooperative context-sensitive predictive inference.Current research in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Adaptation of the inferior temporal neurons and efficient visual processing.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- Prediction during language comprehension: what is next?Trends in cognitive sciences · 2023Review
- Stimulus-Specific Prediction Error Neurons in Mouse Auditory Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Computational components of visual predictive coding circuitry.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2023Review
- Sound category habituation requires task-relevant attention.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Calibrating Vision: Concepts and Questions.Vision research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A recent formulation of predictive coding theory proposes that a subset of neurons in each cortical area encodes sensory prediction errors, the difference between predictions relayed from higher cortex and the sensory input. Here, we test for evidence of prediction error responses in spiking responses and local field potentials (LFP) recorded in primary visual cortex and area V4 of macaque monkeys, and in complementary electroencephalographic (EEG) scalp recordings in human participants. We presented a fixed sequence of visual stimuli on most trials, and violated the expected ordering on a small subset of trials. Under predictive coding theory, pattern-violating stimuli should trigger robust prediction errors, but we found that spiking, LFP and EEG responses to expected and pattern-violating stimuli were nearly identical. Our results challenge the assertion that a fundamental computational motif in sensory cortex is to signal prediction errors, at least those based on predictions derived from temporal patterns of visual stimulation.
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