ReviewCancer metastasis reviews2021
The role of tumor heterogeneity in immune-tumor interactions.
Review in Cancer metastasis reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The impact of intratumor heterogeneity on outcome and resistance to therapy in primary breast cancer: a systematic review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Systemic Inflammation and Survival in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Interpreting cancer genetics through a two-step "evolutionary cascade hypothesis": bridging neutral and selective perspectives.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Multidimensional tumor heterogeneity and its role in therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Towards antibody-based immunotherapy development for platinum-resistant high-grade serous ovarian cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A novel anti-PD-L1/IL-8 bispecific antibody BP2402 enhances antitumor immunity and modulates inflammatory signaling in triple-negative breast cancer mice model.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Integrating peritumor and tumor CT radiomics features in predicting local control after SBRT in patients with pulmonary oligometastases.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Application of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer.MedComm · 2025Review
- Enhanced Tumor Diagnostics via Cyber-Physical Workflow: Integrating Morphology, Morphometry, and Genomic MultimodalData Analysis and Visualization in Digital Pathology.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Synergistic Mechanisms and Prospects of Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Review
- Differential cellular communication in tumor immune microenvironment during early and advanced stages of lung adenocarcinoma.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2024Article
- SubvertingBiology · 2024Review
- Research autopsy programmes in oncology: shared experience from 14 centres across the world.The Journal of pathology · 2024Article
- AMPK-a key factor in crosstalk between tumor cell energy metabolism and immune microenvironment?Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- Immunomodulatory Precision: A Narrative Review Exploring the Critical Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor microenvironment remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma with varying tumor subclonal complexity.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Engineering the future of 3D pathology.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2024Article
- A Bio-Liposome Activating Natural Killer Cell by Illuminating Tumor Homogenization Antigen Properties.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The development of cancer stems from genetic instability and changes in genomic sequences, and hence, the heterogeneity exhibited by tumors is integral to the nature of cancer itself. Tumor heterogeneity can be further altered by factors that are not cancer cell intrinsic, i.e., by the microenvironment, including the patient's immune responses to tumors and administered therapies (immunotherapies, chemotherapies, and/or radiation therapies). The focus of this review is the impact of tumor heterogeneity on the interactions between immune cells and the tumor, taking into account that heterogeneity can exist at several levels. These levels include heterogeneity within an individual tumor, within an individual patient (particularly between the primary tumor and metastatic lesions), among the subtypes of a specific type of cancer, or within cancers that originate from different tissues. Because of the potential for immunity (either the natural immune system or via immunotherapeutics) to halt the progression of cancer, major clinical significance exists in understanding the impact of tumor heterogeneity on the associations between immune cells and tumor cells. Increased knowledge of why, whether, and how immune-tumor interactions occur provides the means to guide these interactions and improve outcomes for patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.