Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33681869›Full record

ArticleActa scientific neurology2021

Should We Embrace the Incorporation of Genetically Guided "Dopamine Homeostasis" in the Treatment of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RSD) as a Frontline Therapeutic Modality?

Kenneth Blum, Ali Raza, Tiffany Schultz, Rehan Jalali, Richard Green, Raymond Brewer, Panyotis K Thanos, Thomas McLaughlin, David Baron, Abdalla Bowirrat and 4 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta scientific neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kenneth BlumThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Ali RazaThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Tiffany SchultzThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Rehan JalaliThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Richard GreenThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Raymond BrewerThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Panyotis K ThanosDepartment of Psychology, University of Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Thomas McLaughlinThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
David BaronGraduate College, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA.
Abdalla BowirratDepartment of Neuroscience and Genetics, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Israel.
Igor ElmanDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard University College of Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
B William DownsThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Debasis BagchiThe Kenneth Blum Behavioral Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, Texas, USA.
Rajendra D BadgaiyanDepartment of Psychiatry, South Texas Veteran Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Western University of Health Sciences · USReichman University · ILUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New York · US

Funding

Increased vulnerability to alcohol abuse after gastric bypass: Neural mechanismsR21AA024490 · NIAAA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI HAJNAL, ANDRAS, THANOS, PANAYOTIS K · 2016 to 2017
$420k
A Systematic Medical Approach to Reward Transformation (SMART) for Brain Health in Opioid Use DisorderR41MD012318 · NIMHD · VERSA INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS, INC. · PI BLUM, KENNETH, GONDRE-LEWIS, MARJORIE C · 2017 to 2017
$221k
Dopamine Neurotransmission in AddictionI01CX000479 · VA · VA WESTERN NEW YORK HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2013 to 2014
–
CSRD VA I01 CX000479NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA024490NIMHD NIH HHS R41 MD012318
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2019, the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention provided vital statistics related to drug overdoses in the United State1. They concluded that in the USA the number of deaths at almost 72,000 was due to 66.6% of opioid overdoses. In fact, the rate is alarming and increasing yearly. To make 2021 even more scary is the daunting effect on increased drug usage due to COVID 19 as a pandemic, albeit the new vaccines. Specifically, in 2020, the death rate from opioid overdoses rose to 13% nationally and in some sates 30%. The common neuromodulating aspects of neurotransmission, and its disruption via chronic exposure of drugs and behavioral addictions, requires further intense research focus on developing novel strategies to combat these unwanted genetic and epigenic infractions as accomplished with heroin addiction by our group. The take home message is the plausible acceptance of the well-established evidence for hypodopaminergia, a blunted reward processing system, reduced resting state functional connectivity, genetic antecedents, anti- reward symptomatology, poor compliance with MAT, and generalized RDS. With this evidence it is conceivable that pursuit through intensive future research should involve an approach that incorporates "dopamine homeostasis". This required paradigm shift may consist of many beneficial modalities including but not limited to: exercise, pro-dopamine regulation, nutrigenomics, cognitive behavioral therapy, hedonic hot spot targets brain, rTMRS, deep brain stimulation, diet, genetic edits, genetic guided therapeutics, epigenetic repair, amongst others. It is our opinion that nutrigenomics may assist the millions of people of getting out of a" hypodopaminergic ditch" WC 250.

Indexed as

Anti reward SymptomatologyDopamine HomeostasisGenetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) TestingHypodopaminergiaReward Deficiency Syndrome

Identifiers

PMID33681869
PMCPMC7931265
OpenAlexW3133661336

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.