ArticleBMJ open ophthalmology2021
Diabetic maculopathy: multicolour and SD-OCT versus fundus photography.
Article in BMJ open ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macular Thickness and Its Associated Factors in a Healthy Cynomolgus Colony: The Non-Human Primates Eye Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- A Novel Foundation Model-Based Framework for Multimodal Retinal Age Prediction.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2025Article
- Diabetic Eye Screening: Evaluation and Comparison of the Grading Results Between Community and Hospital Eye Services.Clinical optometry · 2025Article
- Comparison of Multicolor Scanning Laser Imaging and Color Fundus Photography in Evaluating Vessel Whitening in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.Ophthalmic research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe English Diabetic Eye Screening (DES) programme recommends patients with M1 diabetic maculopathy to be referred to hospital eye services. DES uses flash fundus photography as the reference standard for maculopathy grading. We compared multicolour versus non-stereoscopic fundus photography at identifying M1 maculopathy, with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) identifying macular thickening. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This cross-sectional study included 345 patients with R1M1 referred from DES and reviewed in secondary care with fundus photographs, multicolour and SD-OCT. Maculopathy was graded based on DES exudate criteria on both multicolour and fundus photography in a blind fashion by two independent graders. Macular thickness was ascertained on SD-OCT.
resultsIntergrader agreement on grading maculopathy using fundus photography (Cohen's κ=0.91) and multicolour (Cohen's κ=0.82) was 'almost perfect'. Agreement between fundus photography and multicolour on grading maculopathy (Cohen's κ=0.76) was 'substantial'. Compared with fundus photography, multicolour had sensitivity of 87% (95% CI 81% to 93%) and specificity of 90% (95% CI 87% to 94%) in detecting M1 maculopathy. SD-OCT identified 84 eyes with macular thickening, 47 of which were graded as M0 by fundus photography. 5 eyes with exudates and severe macular oedema requiring urgent intervention were also missed on fundus photography but not on multicolour. Multicolour, when complemented by SD-OCT, did not miss any clinically significant macular oedema.
conclusionMulticolour integrates synergistically in a single platform with SD-OCT providing effective monitoring of M1 diabetic maculopathy. The need for fundus photography is eliminated by multicolour/SD-OCT in dedicated R1M1 virtual clinics not requiring parallel diabetic retinopathy grading.
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