ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2021
Racial Disparities in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of a Clinical Risk Score for Preterm Necrotising Enterocolitis: The 'Check-NEC Score'.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Epidemiological trends in infant mortality related to necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Maternal and perinatal risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2026Review
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Comprehensive Review on Toll-like Receptor 4-Mediated Pathophysiology, Clinical, and Therapeutic Insights.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Chorioamnionitis, Cesarean Deliveries, and Racial Disparities in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Prenatal and Postnatal Disparities in Very-Preterm Infants in a Study of Infections between 2018-2023 in Southeastern US.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Risk factor analysis and nomogram prediction model construction for NEC complicated by intestinal perforation.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Understanding necrotizing enterocolitis endotypes and acquired intestinal injury phenotypes from a historical and artificial intelligence perspective.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Does protocol miconazole administration improve mortality and morbidity on surgical necrotizing enterocolitis?Pediatric surgery international · 2023Article
- Long-term outcomes and life-impacts of necrotizing enterocolitis: A survey of survivors and parents.Seminars in perinatology · 2023Article
- Comparison of clinical outcomes between active and permissive blood pressure management in extremely preterm infants.NIHR open research · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in the development of comorbid conditions after preterm birth: A narrative review.Seminars in perinatology · 2022Review
- Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Bell's Stage II/III Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates Compared to Bell's Stage I.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Head Growth and Neurodevelopment of Preterm Infants with Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious disease of the intestinal tract affecting 5-10% of pre-term infants with up to 50% mortality in those that require surgery. There is wide variation in the rates and outcomes of NEC by race and ethnicity, and the reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. In this article, we review the epidemiology and discuss possible explanations for racial and ethnic differences in NEC. Most of the current evidence investigating the role of race in NEC comes from North America and suggests that Hispanic ethnicity and non-Hispanic Black race are associated with higher risk of NEC compared to non-Hispanic White populations. Differences in pre-term births, breastfeeding rates, and various sociodemographic factors does not fully account for the observed disparities in NEC incidence and outcomes. While genetic studies are beginning to identify candidate genes that may increase or decrease risk for NEC among racial populations, current data remain limited by small sample sizes and lack of validation. Complex interactions between social and biological determinants likely underly the differences in NEC outcomes among racial groups. Larger datasets with detailed social, phenotypic, and genotypic information, coupled with advanced bioinformatics techniques are needed to comprehensively understand racial disparities in NEC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.