Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33680670›Full record

ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2021

Legislation, Market Size, and Access to Gender-affirming Genital Surgery in the United States.

Alexander F Dagi, Elizabeth R Boskey, Laura C Nuzzi, Christine O Kang, Oren Ganor, Brian I Labow, Amir H Taghinia

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Access to Specialized Care Across the Lifespan in Tetralogy of Fallot.CJC pediatric and congenital heart disease · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alexander F DagiDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Elizabeth R BoskeyDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Laura C NuzziDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Christine O KangDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Oren GanorDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Brian I LabowDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Amir H TaghiniaDepartment of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The value of gender-affirming genital surgery (GAGS) has been established for certain transgender or gender non-conforming patients. This study aimed to determine the availability of GAGS by state and region in the United States, and to query possible associations of access to care with healthcare legislation and local market size.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional study reporting on the distribution of hospitals and private practices offering GAGS in the United States. A list of prospective gender surgeons was compiled from 18 online databases. All surgeons were individually verified and were excluded if they did not perform phalloplasty, metoidioplasty, or vaginoplasty. Pertinent legislative and transgender or gender non-conforming population data were derived from the Movement Advancement Project and the Williams Institute.

resultsSeventy-one practices in the United States offered GAGS in 2019. Forty-seven percent of states did not have a practice offering GAGS. A large prospective transgender or gender non-conforming market size increased the odds of GAGS availability in a state more than did local healthcare legislation supporting insurance coverage for gender-affirming care in 2019.

conclusionsAccess to gender-affirming genital surgery was highly disparate in 2019. Factors that predicted access to care, including state healthcare legislation and prospective market sizes, may indicate strategies for overcoming disparities.

Identifiers

PMID33680670
PMCPMC7929723

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.