ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2021
Diurnal variations in the expression of core-clock genes correlate with resting muscle properties and predict fluctuations in exercise performance across the day.
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circadian rhythm disruption by PARP inhibitors correlates with treatment toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer and is a predictor of side effects.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Time of Day and Chronotype-Dependent Synchrony Effects Exercise-Induced Reduction in Migraine Load: A Pilot Cross-Over Randomized Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Effect of osteopathic techniques on human resting muscle tone in healthy subjects using myotonometry: a factorial randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Chrono-Nanomedicine at the Barrier: Circadian Rhythms Influence the Delivery of Donepezil Across the BCSFB.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of a 12-week time-of-day-specific concurrent resistance-aerobic training on muscle strength, bone mass and functional performance in elderly women.European journal of translational myology · 2026Article
- Time to Reset: The Interplay Between Circadian Rhythms and Redox Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle Ageing and Systemic Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of Chrono-Exercise and Chrono-Nutrition on Muscle Health: Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Activated by Timed Exercise and Consumption of Proteins and Carbohydrates.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Morning clock gene expression in young adults of early and late chronotypes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Circadian clock dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: mechanisms, consequences, and therapeutic strategy.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
- Comprehensive integrative analysis of circadian rhythms in human saliva.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2025Article
- Article
- The association of activity patterns on female reproductive diseases: a prospective cohort study of UK biobank.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Muscle stiffness indicating mission crew health in space.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Molecular characterization of the circadian clock in patients with Parkinson's disease-CLOCK4PD Study protocol.PloS one · 2024Article
- Can lifelong endurance exercise improve ageing through beneficial effects on circadian timing function, muscular performance and health status in men? Protocol for a comparative cross-sectional study.European journal of translational myology · 2023Article
- Objective Methods of Muscle Tone Diagnosis and Their Application-A Critical Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- An integrative mathematical model for timing treatment toxicity and Zeitgeber impact in colorectal cancer cells.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2023Article
- Skeletal muscle gene expression dysregulation in long-term spaceflights and aging is clock-dependent.NPJ microgravity · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of the circadian clock in paediatric leukaemia patients: a prospective study protocol.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIn this study, we investigated daily fluctuations in molecular (gene expression) and physiological (biomechanical muscle properties) features in human peripheral cells and their correlation with exercise performance.
methods21 healthy participants (13 men and 8 women) took part in three test series: for the molecular analysis, 15 participants provided hair, blood or saliva time-course sampling for the rhythmicity analysis of core-clock gene expression via RT-PCR. For the exercise tests, 16 participants conducted strength and endurance exercises at different times of the day (9h, 12h, 15h and 18h). Myotonometry was carried out using a digital palpation device (MyotonPRO), five muscles were measured in 11 participants. A computational analysis was performed to relate core-clock gene expression, resting muscle tone and exercise performance.
resultsCore-clock genes show daily fluctuations in expression in all biological samples tested for all participants. Exercise performance peaks in the late afternoon (15-18 hours for both men and women) and shows variations in performance, depending on the type of exercise (eg, strength vs endurance). Muscle tone varies across the day and higher muscle tone correlates with better performance. Molecular daily profiles correlate with daily variation in exercise performance.
conclusionTraining programmes can profit from these findings to increase efficiency and fine-tune timing of training sessions based on the individual molecular data. Our results can benefit both professional athletes, where a fraction of seconds may allow for a gold medal, and rehabilitation in clinical settings to increase therapy efficacy and reduce recovery times.
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