Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33679913›Full record

ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT): A modern radiotherapy technique - A single institutional experience.

Azhar Rashid, Zaeem Ahmad, Muhammad Ali Memon, Abdul Sattar M Hashim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Treatment with radiotherapy in carotidal paraganglioma: experience of the General Hospital of Mexico.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Azhar RashidDr. Azhar Rashid, MBBS, FCPS, MSc. Clinical & Radiation Oncologist, Department of Radiation Oncology (Stereotactic Radiosurgery), Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute (NCCI), M.A Jinnah Road, Saddar, Karachi, Pakistan.
Zaeem AhmadMr. Zaeem Ahmed, MSc Physics Medical Physicist, Department of Radiation Oncology (Stereotactic Radiosurgery), Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute (NCCI), M.A Jinnah Road, Saddar, Karachi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Ali MemonDr. Muhammad Ali Memom, MBBS, FCPS. Clinical & Radiation Oncologist, Department of Radiation Oncology (Stereotactic Radiosurgery), Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute (NCCI), M.A Jinnah Road, Saddar, Karachi, Pakistan.
Abdul Sattar M HashimDr. Abdul Sattar M Hashim, MBBS, MD, PhD. Chief Neurosurgeon, Department of Stereotactic Radiosurgery/Neurosurgery, Neurospinal & Cancer Care Institute (NCCI), M.A Jinnah Road, Saddar, Karachi, Pakistan.
Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate VMAT plans for conformity and homogeneity of radiation dose to the target in order to share our experience as a pioneering institute to use VMAT technology in Pakistan.

methodsSince December 2014 to January 2018, 530 patients of various anatomical sites were treated by VMAT technique at Neurospinal Cancer Care Institute (NCCI) Karachi Pakistan. ERGO++ planning system (Version 1.7.2) was used to develop VMAT plans with single or multiple arcs by the rotation of couch and gantry. The plans were evaluated by calculating Conformity Index (CI) and Homogeneity Index (HI) and critical organ (OARs) doses of individual tumor sites.

resultsThe average CI of various sites was 1.4 (range: 1.0-2.0) and average HI of various sites was 1.20 (range: 1.07-1.374), respective critical organ doses were adequately achieved.

conclusionsVMAT treatment planning technique showed good conformal and homogeneous target coverage with sparing of organs at risk and reduced treatment delivery time. With these features, safety of VMAT technique may allow its routine clinical use, though it is still under investigation in many areas.

Indexed as

Conformity IndexHomogeneity IndexRadiotherapyVMAT

Identifiers

PMID33679913
PMCPMC7931288
OpenAlexW3120324438

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.