Trial reportFrontiers in immunology2021
Inflammation and Antiviral Immune Response Associated With Severe Progression of COVID-19.
Trial report in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early peripheral blood MCEMP1 and HLA-DRA expression predicts COVID-19 prognosis.EBioMedicine · 2023Pooled it
- Selective decay of interferon mRNAs controls antiviral immunity and innate memory.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- Macrophage-derived MBL restrains coronavirus-induced pulmonary inflammation by modulating metabolic regulator PKM2-mediated NLRP3 activation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as biomarkers of disease severity in COVID-19 patients.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Article
- T-Cell Immune Dysfunction and Progression to Severe COVID-19 in Asthma Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Vestibular migraine vs. migraine only: integrated transcriptome-clinical profiling reveals shared inflammation and divergent metabolic pathways for targeted therapy.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Author's response to the letter "From correlation to causation: unraveling the role of long non-coding RNAs in COVID-19 pathogenesis".Virology journal · 2025Article
- Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning to investigate the mechanisms by which three major respiratory infectious diseases exacerbate heart failure.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Liquiritigenin-Rich Hydroalcoholic Extract of Brazilian Red Propolis Reduces Dyskinesia Induced by 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylalanine in Hemiparkinsonian Rats.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Identification of Age-Related Characteristic Genes Involved in Severe COVID-19 Infection Among Elderly Patients Using Machine Learning and Immune Cell Infiltration Analysis.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study and subsequent functional analysis reveal regulatory mechanism underlying piglet diarrhea.Animal bioscience · 2025Article
- Association Between Altered Microbiota Composition and Immune System-Related Genes in COVID-19 Infection.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 S protein disrupts the formation of ISGF3 complex through conserved S2 subunit to antagonize type I interferon response.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms for COVID-19 Infection and Gastric Cancer.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2025Article
- Different patterns of leukocyte immune responses to infection of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Multi-omics and machine learning identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Oxidative Stress Induced by Antivirals: Implications for Adverse Outcomes During Pregnancy and in Newborns.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory disease induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It remains poorly understood how the host immune system responds to the infection during disease progression. We applied microarray analysis of the whole genome transcriptome to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) taken from severe and mild COVID-19 patients as well as healthy controls. Functional enrichment analysis of genes associated with COVID-19 severity indicated that disease progression is featured by overactivation of myeloid cells and deficient T cell function. The upregulation of TLR6 and MMP9, which promote the neutrophils-mediated inflammatory response, and the downregulation of SKAP1 and LAG3, which regulate T cells function, were associated with disease severity. Importantly, the regulation of these four genes was absent in patients with influenza A (H1N1). And compared with stimulation with hemagglutinin (HA) of H1N1 virus, the regulation pattern of these genes was unique in PBMCs response to Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.