ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Natural Killer Cells: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Diseases?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood biomarker dynamics in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with cladribine tablets: results of the 2-year MAGNIFY-MS study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Natural Killer Cells in Uterine Adenomyosis: Immunological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Article
- Clinical advances and multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric comorbidity in systemic sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Profiling associations of interactive ligand-receptors (HLA class I and KIR gene products) with the progression to type 1 diabetes among seroconverted participants.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- Interleukin 15 and autoimmune disorders: pathophysiology, therapeutic potential, and clinical implications.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Whole-Blood RNA Sequencing Profiling of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated With Tofacitinib.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Cellular therapies in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Advances in research on flavonoids in tumor immunotherapy (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Correlation among ocular surface changes and systemic hematologic indexes and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Impact of immune cell metabolism on membranous nephropathy and prospective therapy.Communications biology · 2025Review
- T and NK cell functionality in a patient harboring heterozygous novel BCL11B p.Asp632fsAla∗91 and STX11 p.R129P mutations.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Natural killer cells are decreased in systemic sclerosis and have diagnostic value for pulmonary arterial hypertension incorporation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Natural Killer Cells in Graves' Disease: Increased Frequency but Impaired Degranulation Ability Compared to Healthy Controls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Innate immunity of bile and cholangiocytes in primary biliary cholangitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Natural killer cells in multiple sclerosis: foe or friends?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Research progress and perspectives of non-coding RNAs in primary biliary cholangitis: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Cell-targeted PD-1 agonists are potent NK-cell inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Editorial: Autoantibodies and autoimmune neuromuscular disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Changes in circulating NK and innate-like T cells in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases recognize a multifactorial pathogenesis, although the exact mechanism responsible for their onset remains to be fully elucidated. Over the past few years, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in shaping immune responses has been highlighted even though their involvement is profoundly linked to the subpopulation involved and to the site where such interaction takes place. The aberrant number and functionality of NK cells have been reported in several different autoimmune disorders. In the present review, we report the most recent findings regarding the involvement of NK cells in both systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. In T1D, innate inflammation induces NK cell activation, disrupting the Treg function. In addition, certain genetic variants identified as risk factors for T1D influenced the activation of NK cells promoting their cytotoxic activity. The role of NK cells has also been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of PBC mediating direct or indirect biliary epithelial cell destruction. NK cell frequency and number were enhanced in both the peripheral blood and the liver of patients and associated with increased NK cell cytotoxic activity and perforin expression levels. NK cells were also involved in the perpetuation of disease through autoreactive CD4 T cell activation in the presence of antigen-presenting cells. In systemic sclerosis (SSc), in addition to phenotypic abnormalities, patients presented a reduction in CD56
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.