ArticleEnvironment international2021
Prenatal blood lead levels and reduced preadolescent glomerular filtration rate: Modification by body mass index.
Article in Environment international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental exposures and pediatric kidney health.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Prenatal metal exposures and kidney function in adolescence in Project Viva.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Article
- The Impact of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor on Antenatal Chemical Exposure-Induced Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Programming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Metabolite profiling and nephroprotective potential ofIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- Early childhood fluoride exposure and preadolescent kidney function.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Heavy metal ion concentration in the amniotic fluid of preterm and term pregnancies from two cities with different industrial output.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Nephroprotective Effects ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The nephroprotective effects ofBioengineered · 2021Article
- The First Thousand Days: Kidney Health and Beyond.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Nephrotoxic Metal Mixtures and Preadolescent Kidney Function.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Adverse Impact of Environmental Chemicals on Developmental Origins of Kidney Disease and Hypertension.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFor the developing kidney, the prenatal period may represent a critical window of vulnerability to environmental insults resulting in permanent nephron loss. Given that the majority of nephron formation is complete in the 3rd trimester, we set out to test whether 1) prenatal lead exposure is associated with decreased preadolescent kidney function and 2) whether preadolescent obesity acts synergistically with early life lead exposure to reduce kidney function.
methodsOur study included 453 mother-child pairs participating in the PROGRESS birth cohort. We assessed prenatal blood lead levels (BLLs) in samples collected in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and at delivery, as well as tibial and patellar bone lead measures assessed one-month postpartum. Preadolescent estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was derived from serum levels of creatinine and/or cystatin C measured at age 8-12 years. We applied linear regression to assess the relationship between prenatal bone and BLL with preadolescent eGFR, and adjusted for covariates including age, sex, BMI z-score, indoor tobacco smoke exposure, and socioeconomic status. We also examined sex-specific associations and tested for effect modification by BMI status.
resultsWe observed null associations between prenatal lead exposure and eGFR. However, in interaction analyses we found that among overweight children, there was an inverse association between BLL (assessed at 2nd and 3rd trimester and at delivery) and preadolescent eGFR. For example, among overweight participants, a one ln-unit increase in 2nd trimester BLL was associated with a 10.5 unit decrease in cystatin C-based eGFR (95% CI: -18.1, -2.8; p = 0.008). Regardless of lead exposure, we also observed null relationships between BMI z-score and eGFR overall, as well as among overweight participants. However, among participants with preadolescent obesity, we observed a significant 5.9-unit decrease in eGFR
conclusionsOur findings, if confirmed in other studies, suggest a complex interplay between the combined adverse effects of adiposity and perinatal lead exposure as they relate to adolescent kidney function. Future studies will assess kidney function and adiposity trajectories through adolescence to better understand environmental risk factors for kidney function decline.
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