Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33678190›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Population-level indicators associated with hormonal contraception use: a register-based matched case-control study.

Elena Toffol, Oskari Heikinheimo, Anna But, Antti Latvala, Timo Partonen, Jari Haukka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Elena ToffolDepartment of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. elena.toffol@helsinki.fi.ORCID 0000-0001-6757-7355
Oskari HeikinheimoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Anna ButDepartment of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Antti LatvalaInstitute of Criminology and Legal Policy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Timo PartonenMental Health Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Jari HaukkaDepartment of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
University of Helsinki · FIFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FI

Funding

Avohoidon tutkimussäätiö (Foundation for Primary Care Research) N/AJane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö #170062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMonitoring factors related to hormonal contraception (HC) use is essential to evaluating public health strategies and promoting access to contraception. We aimed to examine municipal social and health indicators of HC use at the population level, and to identify patterns of inequality across Finnish municipalities.

methodsWe identified all women (15-49 years) with a redeemed HC prescription in Finland in 2017 (n = 294,445), and a control group of non-users. Municipal social and health indicators at the population level were retrieved from the nationwide Statistics and Indicator Bank. Differences between the groups across 309 municipalities were calculated, and associations of municipal-specific proportions of HC users with municipal-specific indicators were studied using LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) models.

resultsSociodemographic differences between HC users and non-users were non-homogenous across municipalities. Indicators positively associated with HC use included: larger population and higher proportions of population aged 16-24 years, of household-dwelling units with one person, of persons with higher education, and of divorces among those aged 25-64. Lower HC use was associated with higher proportions of Swedish-speaking population, of those aged 7-15 years, of young people not in education/training, and of household-dwelling units in overcrowded conditions. Lower HC use was also associated with indicators of outpatient and inpatient healthcare, and of municipal finances in welfare and healthcare.

conclusionsSociodemographic differences in relation to HC use exist across Finnish municipalities. Municipal indicators of social structure, health and welfare, and investment in and use of healthcare services are related to HC use.

Indexed as

ContraceptionHormonal ContraceptionAdolescentAdultCase-Control StudiesChildCitiesFemaleFinlandHumansMiddle AgedSwedenYoung AdultFinlandHormonal contraceptionInequalitiesMunicipality

Identifiers

PMID33678190
PMCPMC7938490
OpenAlexW3134287202

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.