ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2021
Total and cause-specific mortality in patients with personality disorders: the association between comorbid severe mental illness and substance use disorders.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Scientific Studies on the Effects of Music in People with Personality Disorders.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Bipolar II Disorder.JAMA network open · 2026Observational
- Digitalized suicide risk assessment in emergency psychiatry services.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Oral health-related quality of life in adult inpatients with psychiatric and/or substance use disorders: a Norwegian cross-sectional study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Substance use disorders, severe mental illness and risk of reoffending among women released from prison: a national cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of substance use with suicide mortality: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Review
- Suicide Risk in Alcohol Use Disorders: Literature Review and Study Protocol with Preliminary Data for a Study in Treatment-Seeking Inpatients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Occupational Injury and Suicide in Washington State, Adjusting for Pre-Injury Depression.American journal of industrial medicine · 2025Article
- Suicide warning signs that are challenging to recognize: a psychological autopsy study of Korean adolescents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2024Article
- Effect of comorbid ADHD on mortality in women with borderline personality disorder.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the mortality in both in- and outpatients with personality disorders (PD), and to explore the association between mortality and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) or severe mental illness (SMI).
methodsAll residents admitted to Norwegian in- and outpatient specialist health care services during 2009-2015 with a PD diagnosis were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in patients with PD only and in patients with PD and comorbid SMI or SUD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs in patients with PD and comorbid SMI or SUD compared to patients with PD only.
resultsMortality was increased in both in- and outpatients with PD. The overall SMR was 3.8 (95% CI 3.6-4.0). The highest SMR was estimated for unnatural causes of death (11.0, 95% CI 10.0-12.0), but increased also for natural causes of death (2.2, 95% CI 2.0-2.5). Comorbidity was associated with higher SMRs, particularly due to poisoning and suicide. Patients with comorbid PD & SUD had almost four times higher all-cause mortality HR than patients with PD only; young women had the highest HR.
conclusionThe SMR was high in both in- and outpatients with PD, and particularly high in patients with comorbid PD & SUD. Young female patients with PD & SUD were at highest risk. The higher mortality in patients with PD cannot, however, fully be accounted for by comorbidity.
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