Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33676727›Full record

Trial reportBritish journal of anaesthesia2021

Determination of equi-analgesic doses of inhaled methoxyflurane versus intravenous fentanyl using the cold pressor test in volunteers: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study.

Harald Lenz, Lars Ø Høiseth, Marlin Comelon, Tomas Draegni, Leiv A Rosseland

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in British journal of anaesthesia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03894800 (Determination of Analgesic Equipotent Doses of Inhaled Metoxyflurane vs. Intravenous Fentanyl Using Cold Pressor Test), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03894800 phase4completednot on this map

Determination of Analgesic Equipotent Doses of Inhaled Metoxyflurane vs. Intravenous Fentanyl Using Cold Pressor Test (CPT) in Volunteers: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Crossover Study.

TypeinterventionalSponsorOslo University HospitalRan2019 to 2019Enrolled12ConditionsAcute Pain, Trauma, HypovolemiaArmsMethoxyflurane (M), Fentanyl (F1), Fentanyl (F2), NaCl (C)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Harald LenzDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: harald.lenz@medisin.uio.no.
Lars Ø HøisethDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Marlin ComelonDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Tomas DraegniDepartment of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Leiv A RosselandDepartment of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Oslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Oslo · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInhaled methoxyflurane for acute pain relief has demonstrated an analgesic effect superior to placebo. Data comparing methoxyflurane to an opioid are needed. The aim of this study was to determine the equi-analgesic doses of inhaled methoxyflurane vs i.v. fentanyl. Both drugs have an onset within minutes and an analgesic effect of 20-30 min.

methodsTwelve subjects were included in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study with four treatments: placebo (NaCl 0.9%), fentanyl 25 μg i.v., fentanyl 50 μg i.v., or inhaled methoxyflurane 3 ml. The subjects reported pain intensity using the verbal numeric rating scale (VNRS) from 0 to 10 during the cold pressor test (CPT). The CPT was performed before (CPT 1), 5 min (CPT 2), and 20 min (CPT 3) after drug administration.

resultsInhaled methoxyflurane and fentanyl 25 μg reduced VNRS scores significantly compared with placebo at CPT 2 (-1.14 [estimated difference in VNRS between treatment groups with 95% confidence interval {CI}: -1.50 to -0.78]; -1.15 [95% CI: -1.51 to -0.79]; both P<0.001) and CPT 3 (-0.60 [95% CI: -0.96 to -0.24]; -0.84 [95% CI: -1.20 to -0.47]; both P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two drugs. Methoxyflurane had significantly higher VNRS scores than fentanyl 50 μg at CPT 2 (0.90 [95% CI: 0.54-1.26]; P<0.001) and CPT 3 (0.57 [95% CI: 0.21-0.94]; P<0.001).

conclusionsInhaled methoxyflurane 3 ml was equi-analgesic to fentanyl 25 μg i.v. at CPT 2. Both resulted in significantly less pain than placebo. Fentanyl 50 μg i.v. demonstrated analgesia superior to methoxyflurane. CLINICAL

trial registrationNCT03894800.

Indexed as

Administration, InhalationAdministration, IntravenousAdultAnalgesics, OpioidAnesthetics, InhalationCold TemperatureCross-Over StudiesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFentanylHumansMaleMethoxyfluraneMiddle AgedPainAnalgesics, OpioidAnesthetics, InhalationFentanylMethoxyfluraneacute painanalgesiacold pressor testfentanylmethoxyflurane

Identifiers

PMID33676727
PMCPMC8132882
OpenAlexW3135576048

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.