ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2021
The association between serum testosterone levels and metabolic syndrome among women.
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and sex steroid hormone among 6-19-year old children and adolescents based on NHANES 2013-2016 data.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Beyond Estrogen: Distribution and Hormonal Correlates of Serum Testosterone Among Postmenopausal U.S. Women, NHANES 2011-2016 and 2021-2023.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Free testosterone independently predicts metabolic syndrome severity in U.S. adolescent girls aged 12-19 years.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Understanding the Secular Decline in Testosterone: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Clinical Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Associations of Prolactin and Progesterone With Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2025Article
- Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Association between sex hormone binding globulin and metabolic syndrome in US adults: insights from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Relationship between Serum Total Testosterone Concentration and Metabolic Syndrome in Premenopausal Obese Women.Korean journal of family medicine · 2024Article
- Androgenicity in Young Women and Development of Metabolic Syndrome Before Menopause: The CARDIA and CARDIA Women's Studies.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations of sex hormone ratios with metabolic syndrome and inflammation in US adult men and women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Association between the prevalence rates of circadian syndrome and testosterone deficiency in US males: data from NHANES (2011-2016).Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Association between serum total testosterone levels and metabolic syndrome among adult women in the United States, NHANES 2011-2016.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between total serum testosterone level (TT) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among adult female population. Subgroup analysis further stratified the population by menopausal status to address the potential hormonal difference in postmenopausal women.
methodsA total of 1966 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012 cycle was included for analysis in this study. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Serum TT was collected during the physical examination of the NHANES program and divided into quartiles (Q) in this analysis. Menopausal status was determined based on NHANES Reproductive Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were applied for analysis.
resultsThe odds of MetS in Q2: 12.99-19.38 ng/mL (OR = 0.641, 95%CI 0.493-0.835, P < 0.01), Q3: 19.39-28.38 ng/mL (OR = 0.476, 95%CI 0.362-0.626, P < 0.001), and Q4: ≥28.40 ng/mL (OR = 0.390, 95%CI 0.294-0.517, P < 0.001) were statistically lower compared to the reference Q1: <12.99 ng/mL. For the postmenopausal group, a significantly lower odds of MetS was observed in the Q2 (OR = 0.689, 95%CI 0.486-0.977, P < 0.05) and Q4 (OR = 0.606, 95%CI 0.399-0.922, P < 0.05), while the odds of Q3 (OR = 0.439, 95%CI 0.248-0.779, P < 0.01) and Q4 (OR = 0.464, 95%CI 0.261-0.825, P < 0.01) were significantly lower than the reference Q1 in the premenopausal group.
conclusionsElevated TT levels are associated with incremental reductions in the odds of metabolic syndrome among adult females. Although, serum testosterone level is associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in both the postmenopausal and the premenopausal group, the patterns of the relationship are different.
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