Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33676468›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Examining the news media reaction to a national sugary beverage tax in South Africa: a quantitative content analysis.

Michael Essman, Fernanda Mediano Stoltze, Francesca Dillman Carpentier, Elizabeth C Swart, Lindsey Smith Taillie

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. South Africa's Health Promotion Levy: Excise tax findings and equity potential.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021
    Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael EssmanGillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Fernanda Mediano StoltzeCarolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Francesca Dillman CarpentierHussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Elizabeth C SwartFaculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lindsey Smith TaillieGillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. taillie@unc.edu.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of the Western Cape · ZA

Funding

Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Global Cardiometabolic Disease TrainingT32HL129969 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ADAIR, LINDA S · 2016 to 2025
$2.1M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL129969NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSouth Africa was the first sub-Saharan African country to implement a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax called the Health Promotion Levy (HPL) in April 2018. Given news media can increase public awareness and sway opinions, this study analyzed how the media represented the HPL, including expressions of support or challenge, topics associated with the levy, and stakeholder views of the HPL.

methodsWe performed a quantitative content analysis of online South African news articles related to the HPL published between January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2019. We coded the presence or absence of mentions related to health and economic effects of the HPL and HPL support or opposition. Prevalence of these mentions, overall and by source (industry, government, academics, other), were analyzed with Pearson χ

resultsAcross all articles, 81% mentioned health, and 65% mentioned economics topics. 54% of articles expressed support, 26% opposition, and 20% a balanced view of the HPL. All sources except industry expressed majority support for the HPL. Health reasons were the most common justifications for support, and economic harms were the most common justifications for opposition. Statements that sugar intake is not related to obesity, the HPL will not reduce SSB intake, and the HPL will cause industry or economic harm were all disproportionately high in industry sources (92, 80, and 81% vs 25% prevalence in total sample) (p < 0.001). Statements that sugar intake is related to obesity and non-communicable diseases were disproportionately high in both government (46 and 54% vs 31% prevalence in total sample) (p < 0.001) and academics (33 and 38% vs 25% prevalence in total sample) (p < 0.05). Statements that the HPL will improve health and the HPL will reduce health care costs were disproportionately high in government (47% vs 31% prevalence in total sample) (p < 0.001) and academics (44% vs 25% prevalence in total sample) (p < 0.05), respectively.

conclusionsIndustry expressed no support for the HPL, whereas academics, government, and other sources mainly expressed support. Future studies would be improved by linking news media exposure to SSB intake data to better understand the effects news media may have on individual behavior change.

Indexed as

SugarsSugar-Sweetened BeveragesBeveragesHumansSouth AfricaTaxesSugarsDiabetesNews mediaObesityPolicySouth AfricaSugar-sweetened beveragesTax

Identifiers

PMID33676468
PMCPMC7937301
OpenAlexW3135857668

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.