Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33676366›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2021

The carbon isotope ratios of nonessential amino acids identify sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study of 32 men with varying SSB and meat exposures.

Jessica J Johnson, Pamela A Shaw, Eric J Oh, Matthew J Wooller, Sean Merriman, Hee Young Yun, Thomas Larsen, Jonathan Krakoff, Susanne B Votruba, Diane M O'Brien

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01237093 (Developing Biomarkers of Dietary Intake), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01237093 phase1completednot on this map

Developing Biomarkers of Dietary Intake

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Ran2010 to 2020Enrolled59ConditionsDiet Therapy, Healthy VolunteersArms1. Meat, no fish or soda, 2. Meat and soda, no fish, 3. Meat and fish, no soda, 4. Meat and fish and soda, 5. Fish, no meat or soda
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Jessica J JohnsonInstitute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8083-9380
Pamela A ShawDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Eric J OhDepartment of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Matthew J WoollerAlaska Stable Isotope Facility, Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
Sean MerrimanInstitute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
Hee Young YunInstitute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
Thomas LarsenDepartment of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany.
Jonathan KrakoffPhoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Susanne B VotrubaPhoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Diane M O'BrienInstitute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
University of Alaska Fairbanks · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USMax Planck Institute for the Science of Human History · DE

Funding

The Administrative CoreP20GM103395 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS · PI BRIAN M BARNES · 2012 to 2026
$66.1M
Regulators of Food IntakeZIADK069091 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI KRAKOFF, JONATHAN · 2009 to 2025
$15.0M
Molecular Stable Isotope Profiles of Dietary ExposureR01DK109946 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS · PI O'BRIEN, DIANE MARIE · 2016 to 2019
$1.7M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK109946NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103395
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe carbon isotope ratios (CIRs) of individual amino acids (AAs) may provide more sensitive and specific biomarkers of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) than total tissue CIR. Because CIRs turn over slowly, long-term controlled-feeding studies are needed in their evaluation.

objectiveWe assessed the responses of plasma and RBC CIRAA's to SSB and meat intake in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study.

methodsThirty-two men (aged 46.2 ± 10.5 y) completed the feeding study at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases in Phoenix, Arizona. The effects of SSB, meat, and fish intake on plasma and RBC CIRAA's were evaluated in a balanced factorial design with each dietary variable either present or absent in a common weight-maintaining, macronutrient-balanced diet. Fasting blood samples were collected biweekly from baseline. Dietary effects on the postfeeding CIR of 5 nonessential AAs (CIRNEAA's) and 4 essential AAs (CIREAA's) were analyzed using multivariable regression.

resultsIn plasma, 4 of 5 CIRNEAA's increased with SSB intake. Of these, the CIRAla was the most sensitive (β = 2.81, SE = 0.38) to SSB intake and was not affected by meat or fish intake. In RBCs, all 5 CIRNEAA's increased with SSBs but had smaller effect sizes than in plasma. All plasma CIREAA's increased with meat intake (but not SSB or fish intake), and the CIRLeu was the most sensitive (β = 1.26, SE = 0.23). CIRs of leucine and valine also increased with meat intake in RBCs. Estimates of turnover suggest that CIRAA's in plasma, but not RBCs, were in equilibrium with the diets by the end of the study.

conclusionsThe results of this study in men support CIRNEAA's as potential biomarkers of SSB intake and suggest CIREAA's as potential biomarkers of meat intake in US diets. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01237093 as NCT01237093.

Indexed as

DietMeatSugar-Sweetened BeveragesAdultAmino AcidsAnimalsBiomarkersCarbon IsotopesCattleChickensFishesHumansMaleMiddle AgedSwineTurkeyAmino AcidsBiomarkersCarbon Isotopesalanineamino acid carbon isotope ratioscontrolled-feeding studyNIDDKsugar-sweetened beverages

Identifiers

PMID33676366
PMCPMC8106756
OpenAlexW3134119453

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.