ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021
Identifying Primate ACE2 Variants That Confer Resistance to SARS-CoV-2.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kozak sequence libraries for systematically characterizing transgenes across expression levels.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Evolution in Humans Enables Its Transmission to Nonhuman Primates.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Precise Control of Intracellular Trafficking and Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis in Living Cells and Behaving Animals.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Animal models of Long Covid: A hit-and-run disease.Science translational medicine · 2024Review
- Decoy peptides effectively inhibit the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 on oral epithelial cells.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Structure adaptation in Omicron SARS-CoV-2/hACE2: Biophysical origins of evolutionary driving forces.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Deep-learning-enabled protein-protein interaction analysis for prediction of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and variant evolution.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- Characterization of ACE2 naturally occurring missense variants: impact on subcellular localization and trafficking.Human genomics · 2022Article
- Lineage-specific positive selection onNational science review · 2022Article
- Human ACE2 Genetic Polymorphism Affecting SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Cells.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Effects of Spike Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern on Human or Animal ACE2-Mediated Virus Entry and Neutralization.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Identification of Entry Inhibitors against Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Structural and functional insights into ABHD5, a ligand-regulated lipase co-activator.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genomes.Medical review (2021) · 2022Review
- Drug Repurposing for the Identification of Compounds with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Capability via Multiple Targets.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Methotrexate inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry, infection and inflammation revealed by bioinformatics approach and a hamster model.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Genetic variations affecting ACE2 protein stability in minority populations.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- COVID-19 challenges: From SARS-CoV-2 infection to effective point-of-care diagnosis by electrochemical biosensing platforms.Biochemical engineering journal · 2021Review
- Effects of Spike Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern on Human or Animal ACE2-Mediated Virus Entry and Neutralization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infects humans through the binding of viral S-protein (spike protein) to human angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The structure of the ACE2-S-protein complex has been deciphered and we focused on the 27 ACE2 residues that bind to S-protein. From human sequence databases, we identified nine ACE2 variants at ACE2-S-protein binding sites. We used both experimental assays and protein structure analysis to evaluate the effect of each variant on the binding affinity of ACE2 to S-protein. We found one variant causing complete binding disruption, two and three variants, respectively, strongly and mildly reducing the binding affinity, and two variants strongly enhancing the binding affinity. We then collected the ACE2 gene sequences from 57 nonhuman primates. Among the 6 apes and 20 Old World monkeys (OWMs) studied, we found no new variants. In contrast, all 11 New World monkeys (NWMs) studied share four variants each causing a strong reduction in binding affinity, the Philippine tarsier also possesses three such variants, and 18 of the 19 prosimian species studied share one variant causing a strong reduction in binding affinity. Moreover, one OWM and three prosimian variants increased binding affinity by >50%. Based on these findings, we proposed that the common ancestor of primates was strongly resistant to and that of NWMs was completely resistant to SARS-CoV-2 and so is the Philippine tarsier, whereas apes and OWMs, like most humans, are susceptible. This study increases our understanding of the differences in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection among primates.
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