Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33673832›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Prevalence and clinical, social, and health care predictors of miscarriage.

Erin Strumpf, Ariella Lang, Nichole Austin, Shelley A Derksen, James M Bolton, Marni D Brownell, Dan Chateau, Patricia Gregory, Maureen I Heaman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Risk of congenital anomalies among infants of patients with endometriosis: a population-based cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  6. Patient-reported pregnancy loss and maternal complications: Insights from the sickle cell disease implementation consortium.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025
    Article
  7. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Diagnosis and management of early pregnancy loss.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Initial Impact of Perinatal Loss on Mothers and Their Partners.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Erin StrumpfDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University Leacock Building, Room 418, 855 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T7, Canada. erin.strumpf@mcgill.ca.
Ariella LangSchool of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Nichole AustinDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University Leacock Building, Room 418, 855 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T7, Canada.
Shelley A DerksenManitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
James M BoltonManitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Marni D BrownellManitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Dan ChateauManitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Patricia GregoryDepartment of Nursing, Red River College, Winnipeg, Canada.
Maureen I HeamanCollege of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Funding

CIHR 130312
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPregnancy loss is common and several factors (e.g. chromosomal anomalies, parental age) are known to increase the risk of occurrence. However, much existing research focuses on recurrent loss; comparatively little is known about the predictors of a first miscarriage. Our objective was to estimate the population-level prevalence of miscarriages and to assess the contributions of clinical, social, and health care use factors as predictors of the first detected occurrence of these losses.

methodsIn this population-based cohort study, we used linked administrative health data to estimate annual rates of miscarriage in the Manitoba population from 2003 to 2014, as a share of identified pregnancies. We compared the unadjusted associations between clinical, social, and health care use factors and first detected miscarriage compared with a live birth. We estimated multivariable generalized linear models to assess whether risk factors were associated with first detected miscarriage controlling for other predictors.

resultsWe estimated an average annual miscarriage rate of 11.3%. In our final sample (n = 79,978 women), the fully-adjusted model indicated that use of infertility drugs was associated with a 4 percentage point higher risk of miscarriage (95% CI 0.02, 0.06) and a past suicide attempt with a 3 percentage point higher risk (95% CI -0.002, 0.07). Women with high morbidity were twice as likely to experience a miscarriage compared to women with low morbidity (RD = 0.12, 95% CI 0.09, 0.15). Women on income assistance had a 3 percentage point lower risk (95% CI -0.04, -0.02).

conclusionsWe estimate that 1 in 9 pregnant women in Manitoba experience and seek care for a miscarriage. After adjusting for clinical factors, past health care use and morbidity contribute important additional information about the risk of first detected miscarriage. Social factors may also be informative.

Indexed as

Abortion, SpontaneousHealth StatusAdultCausalityFemaleHumansLive BirthManitobaPatient Acceptance of Health CarePregnancyPregnant PeoplePrevalenceRisk FactorsSocial FactorsWomen's HealthHealth servicesManitobaMiscarriageWomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID33673832
PMCPMC7936485

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.