ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Synthetic and Bio-Derived Surfactants Versus Microbial Biosurfactants in the Cosmetic Industry: An Overview.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Production of Biosurfactant byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Eco-friendly and sustainable gemini ionic liquid surfactants derived from coffee waste: design, surface activity, oil spill treatment, and antimicrobial performance.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Physicochemical and Functional Characterizations of Biosurfactants Produced byMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Production and characterization of biosurfactant producing actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. AS1: a sustainable approach for crude oil degradation.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Green approach in saponin extraction from Acanthophyllum caryophyllaceae root based on ultrasonication coupled with solvent extraction method and its lyophilization.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Predicting the critical micelle concentration of binary surfactant mixtures using machine learning.Journal of cheminformatics · 2025Article
- Attenuated Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Promising Cell Factory for Rhamnolipid Production.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- Application of Alkyl Polyglucosides as Components of the Extraction Medium in the Preparation of a Shampoo Cosmetic Formulation Containing Substances Isolated from Red Grape Pomace.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Rhamnolipid Self-Aggregation in Water-Bioglycerol Mixtures: Byproduct Valorization for Sustainable Formulation Design.ChemPlusChem · 2025Article
- Sugar Esters of Fatty Acids: Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis and Biological Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Production, characterization, and antifungal action of a biosurfactant obtained from diazotrophic Paenibacillus sp.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Whole genome sequence analysis of a novel3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Article
- Rhamnolipid-Modified PHB-Ectoine Nanoparticles for Multifunctional Skin Protection Against UVB, Irritation, and Bacteria.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Bio-Based Surfactants and Biosurfactants: An Overview and Main Characteristics.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- An Overview of Film-Forming Emulsions for Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Biosurfactants as an alternative eco-friendly solution for water-in-diesel emulsions-A review paper.Heliyon · 2024Review
- The Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Biosurfactants: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This article includes an updated review of the classification, uses and side effects of surfactants for their application in the cosmetic, personal care and pharmaceutical industries. Based on their origin and composition, surfactants can be divided into three different categories: (i) synthetic surfactants; (ii) bio-based surfactants; and (iii) microbial biosurfactants. The first group is the most widespread and cost-effective. It is composed of surfactants, which are synthetically produced, using non-renewable sources, with a final structure that is different from the natural components of living cells. The second category comprises surfactants of intermediate biocompatibility, usually produced by chemical synthesis but integrating fats, sugars or amino acids obtained from renewable sources into their structure. Finally, the third group of surfactants, designated as microbial biosurfactants, are considered the most biocompatible and eco-friendly, as they are produced by living cells, mostly bacteria and yeasts, without the intermediation of organic synthesis. Based on the information included in this review it would be interesting for cosmetic, personal care and pharmaceutical industries to consider microbial biosurfactants as a group apart from surfactants, needing specific regulations, as they are less toxic and more biocompatible than chemical surfactants having formulations that are more biocompatible and greener.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.