ReviewCancers2021
HIF-Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Proteins (PHDs) in Cancer-Potential Targets for Anti-Tumor Therapy?
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Mechanistic Model of the HIF-1/HIF-2 Switch Regulating Hypoxia-Induced Cancer Stemness.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Emerging significance of E3 ubiquitin ligases and Deubiquitinases in pulmonary hypertension.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Environmental co-exposure to microplastics and phenol may influence redox signaling and tumor microenvironment dynamics.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- From Hypoxia to Bone: Reprogramming the Prostate Cancer Metastatic Cascade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cerebral Ischemia: Advances in Pharmacological Interventions.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Progressive Deactivation of Hydroxylases Controls Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α-Coordinated Cellular Adaptation to Graded Hypoxia.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Enhanced CRC Growth in Iron-Rich Environment, Facts and Speculations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Non-coding RNAs and angiogenesis in cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha (HIF-1α) and Cancer: Mechanisms of Tumor Hypoxia and Therapeutic Targeting.Cureus · 2024Review
- Glutamine Metabolism and Prostate Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Review
- Low nuclear expression of HIF-hydroxylases PHD2/EGLN1 and PHD3/EGLN3 are associated with poor recurrence-free survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Outcomes and complications of hemodialysis in patients with renal cancer following bilateral nephrectomy.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Article
- Prolyl hydroxylase 2 inhibits glycolytic activity in colorectal cancer via the NF‑κB signaling pathway.International journal of oncology · 2024Article
- Structural Characterization of Hypoxia Inducible Factor α-Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain 2 Interaction through MD Simulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Hypoxia in Skin Cancer: Molecular Basis and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Hypoxia signaling: Challenges and opportunities for cancer therapy.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
- Hypoxia signaling pathway: A central mediator in endocrine tumors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Novel Compounds as PHD Inhibitors for Treating Heart, Lung, Liver, and Kidney Diseases.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Solid tumors are typically associated with unbridled proliferation of malignant cells, accompanied by an immature and dysfunctional tumor-associated vascular network. Consequent impairment in transport of nutrients and oxygen eventually leads to a hypoxic environment wherein cells must adapt to survive and overcome these stresses. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are central transcription factors in the hypoxia response and drive the expression of a vast number of survival genes in cancer cells and in cells in the tumor microenvironment. HIFs are tightly controlled by a class of oxygen sensors, the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which hydroxylate HIFs, thereby marking them for proteasomal degradation. Remarkable and intense research during the past decade has revealed that, contrary to expectations, PHDs are often overexpressed in many tumor types, and that inhibition of PHDs can lead to decreased tumor growth, impaired metastasis, and diminished tumor-associated immune-tolerance. Therefore, PHDs represent an attractive therapeutic target in cancer research. Multiple PHD inhibitors have been developed that were either recently accepted in China as erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) or are currently in phase III trials. We review here the function of HIFs and PHDs in cancer and related therapeutic opportunities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.