Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33672723›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Prostate Gland in Neutered Dogs.

Stefano Spada, Gary C W England, Massimo Vignoli, Augusto Carluccio, Marco Russo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Ultrasonographic Appearance of the Deferent Ducts in Dogs without Genitourinary Disease.Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Stefano SpadaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples, Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy.
Gary C W EnglandSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
Massimo VignoliFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo Piano d'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4981-4051
Augusto CarluccioFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo Piano d'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Marco RussoDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples, Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1219-8603
University of Naples Federico II · ITUniversity of Teramo · ITUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prostatic neoplasia (PN) occurs in 5-7% of dogs with prostatic disease, with castrated dogs having the same or higher prevalence when compared to intact dogs. Considering the promising results achieved by performing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in intact dogs to detect PN, the present study aimed to acquire data on the prostatic perfusion pattern in neutered dogs. CEUS was performed in 64 neutered dogs, using a 5-7.5 MHz linear transducer with coded harmonic capability, dedicated analytical software, and a second-generation contrast agent, SonoVue. After B-mode evaluation was performed to assess mean prostate volume, the CEUS examination was undertaken. The flow of contrast agent was visible 10 s after injection. The subcapsular vessels were highlighted and produced rapid peripheral rim enhancement. Subsequently, the contrast agent reached the prostatic urethra via the parenchymal arterioles and gradually reached the entire prostate. Perfusion peak intensity (PPI) and time to peak (TTP) values were respectively 45.3% and 34.1 s. The measured parameters were compared with those obtained in previous studies on intact dogs with normal and with pathological patterns. In this study, CEUS showed features that may be promising for its use as a diagnostic tool for early detection of PN in neutered dogs.

Indexed as

B-mode ultrasoundcontrast-enhanced ultrasoundneutered dogsprostate

Identifiers

PMID33672723
PMCPMC7924405
OpenAlexW3131824726

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.