ArticlePolymers2021
Determination by Relaxation Tests of the Mechanical Properties of Soft Polyacrylamide Gels Made for Mechanobiology Studies.
Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adipose-mimetic granular hydrogels uncover biophysical cues driving breast cancer invasion.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Nanoscale Analysis beyond Imaging by Atomic Force Microscopy: Molecular Perspectives on Oncology and Neurodegeneration.Small science · 2025Review
- On Sampling-Times-Independent Identification of Relaxation Time and Frequency Spectra Models of Viscoelastic Materials Using Stress Relaxation Experiment Data.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Polyacrylamide Hydrogels with Reversibly Photocontrolled Stiffness for 2D Mechanobiology.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Optimal Choice of the Regularization Parameter for Direct Identification of Polymers Relaxation Time and Frequency Spectra.Polymers · 2024Article
- Interpenetrated Polymer Network Systems (PEG/PNIPAAm) Using Gamma Irradiation: Biological Evaluation for Potential Biomedical Applications.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Direct Identification of the Continuous Relaxation Time and Frequency Spectra of Viscoelastic Materials.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Robust Recovery of Optimally Smoothed Polymer Relaxation Spectrum from Stress Relaxation Test Measurements.Polymers · 2024Article
- Sampling Points-Independent Identification of the Fractional Maxwell Model of Viscoelastic Materials Based on Stress Relaxation Experiment Data.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Facile Determination of the Poisson's Ratio and Young's Modulus of Polyacrylamide Gels and Polydimethylsiloxane.ACS applied polymer materials · 2024Article
- The Role of ZO-2 in Modulating JAM-A and γ-Actin Junctional Recruitment, Apical Membrane and Tight Junction Tension, and Cell Response to Substrate Stiffness and Topography.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Hydrogel Formulations for Topical Insulin Application: Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Permeation across the Strat-MPolymers · 2023Article
- On Applicability of the Relaxation Spectrum of Fractional Maxwell Model to Description of Unimodal Relaxation Spectra of Polymers.Polymers · 2023Article
- On Recovery of a Non-Negative Relaxation Spectrum Model from the Stress Relaxation Test Data.Polymers · 2023Article
- Investigating multi-material hydrogel three-dimensional printing forRoyal Society open science · 2023Article
- Two-Level Scheme for Identification of the Relaxation Time Spectrum Using Stress Relaxation Test Data with the Optimal Choice of the Time-Scale Factor.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Class of Algorithms for Recovery of Continuous Relaxation Spectrum from Stress Relaxation Test Data Using Orthonormal Functions.Polymers · 2023Article
- Development of Polyphenol-Functionalized Gelatin-Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) IPN for Potential Biomedical Applications.Polymers · 2022Article
- Molecular Dynamics-Assisted Design of High Temperature-Resistant Polyacrylamide/Poloxamer Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Following the general aim of recapitulating the native mechanical properties of tissues and organs in vitro, the field of materials science and engineering has benefited from recent progress in developing compliant substrates with physical and chemical properties similar to those of biological materials. In particular, in the field of mechanobiology, soft hydrogels can now reproduce the precise range of stiffnesses of healthy and pathological tissues to study the mechanisms behind cell responses to mechanics. However, it was shown that biological tissues are not only elastic but also relax at different timescales. Cells can, indeed, perceive this dissipation and actually need it because it is a critical signal integrated with other signals to define adhesion, spreading and even more complicated functions. The mechanical characterization of hydrogels used in mechanobiology is, however, commonly limited to the elastic stiffness (Young's modulus) and this value is known to depend greatly on the measurement conditions that are rarely reported in great detail. Here, we report that a simple relaxation test performed under well-defined conditions can provide all the necessary information for characterizing soft materials mechanically, by fitting the dissipation behavior with a generalized Maxwell model (GMM). The simple method was validated using soft polyacrylamide hydrogels and proved to be very useful to readily unveil precise mechanical properties of gels that cells can sense and offer a set of characteristic values that can be compared with what is typically reported from microindentation tests.
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