ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic psychosocial stress: a role in breast cancer etiology?Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of mind-body exercise on female breast cancer patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Adverse childhood experiences, adult adiposity, and risk of young-onset breast cancer subtypes in a population-based case-control study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Association between noise pollution exposure and incident breast cancer in the Sister Study.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Persistent poverty and breast cancer incidence by tumor subtype: intersections of rural/urban residence and race within USA Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Registries, 2017 to 2021.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Depression and breast cancer: research progress and prospects from an interdisciplinary perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Persistent poverty and late-stage breast cancer diagnosis in the USA: impacts of rural residence, race, and time within Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries, 2004 to 2021.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Review
- Allostatic load and cancer risk, progression, and mortality in epidemiologic studies.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Iron chelators in breast cancer therapy: mechanisms and clinical applications - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Parental loss at age birth to 21 years and daughters' breast cancer and tumor characteristics.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Determinants of willingness to undergo breast cancer prophylactic examinations in Polish women.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
- Application analysis of an internet platform tracking management mode combined with progressive resistance training in the rehabilitation of patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- [Perceived stress in Mexican patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024Article
- Article
- βCells · 2024Article
- Epidemiological breast cancer prediction by country: A novel machine learning approach.PloS one · 2024Article
- Direct Effects of Marital Empathy, Body Image, and Perceived Social Support on Quality of Life of Married Women with Breast Cancer and the Mediating Role of Perceived Marital Quality.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Association between allostatic load and breast cancer risk: a cohort study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress is a common belief among breast cancer patients and the public to explain variation in breast cancer incidence. Epidemiological studies interrogating the relationship between stress and cancer have reported mixed results. The impact of the topic and the lack of consensus has sparked this review of the literature to investigate gaps in knowledge and identify areas of research. We first present a brief summary of the biopsychosocial model generally used to conduct research on stress. We then divide the overview of the literature into areas of research focus. These include the role of distressing life events in breast cancer incidence, the role of adverse childhood events in later breast cancer incidence, the importance of race and socioeconomic status (SES) as social determinants of breast cancer incidence, and the specific role of chronic stress in relation to breast cancer. For each topic, we discuss the potential of stress as a risk factor and possible intervention strategies that could reduce the effects of stress. We then identify further research questions to be probed to fill the gaps in knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions for stress research as it relates to breast cancer incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.