ReviewCancers2021
Role of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 in Cancer: Genetic Basis, Impact on Disease Development/Progression, and Potential as Therapeutic Targets.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress in metabolic reprogramming and targeting metabolic pathways for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- WDR12 Promotes Glucose Metabolism via PFKFB4 Upregulation in Gastric Cancer.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Single-Cell and Machine Learning Analyses Identify a PFKFB3-Centered Regulatory Network and Potential Salidroside Interaction in Coronary Heart Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The PI3K/AKT signaling networks in cancer glucose metabolism: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Carbohydrates metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: targeting pathways.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Targeting the Warburg Effect in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Metabolic Vulnerabilities and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- First-in-Class Covalent Inhibitors of PFKFB3: Discovery and Characterization in PDAC Models.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- THOC3 interacts with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to promote non-small cell lung cancer carcinoma progression through STAT3 signaling pathway.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- PFKFB4 promotes M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages through aerobic glycolysis-mediated modification of histone H3K18 lactylation in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer & metabolism · 2026Article
- Quinoxaline Derivatives in Cancer Therapy: Insights into Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Applications.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Proteomic Identification of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 Associated with Coenzyme Metabolism and Redox Imbalance in Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The moonlighting functions of glycolytic enzymes in tumorigenesis.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Selective autophagic degradation of glycolytic activator PFKFB3 contributes to maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier in inflammatory bowel disease.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- BRG1 orchestrates diabetic corneal neuropathy via PI3K/AKT-mediated glycolytic reprogramming.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Glucose Metabolic Enzyme PFKFB3 in Cardiopulmonary Vascular Health and Disease.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Inhibition of PFKFB3 in macrophages ameliorates intestinal inflammation by modulating gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis.mSystems · 2026Article
- Hepatic Glucocorticoid Receptor Action and Glucose Homeostasis.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Fibrillarin and fibrillarin-like their role in cancer progression: new approaches and perspectives.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Transcriptome and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis with 101 machine learning combinations and experimental verification reveals the mechanism of action of mannose metabolism in bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Glycolysis is a crucial metabolic process in rapidly proliferating cells such as cancer cells. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis. Its efficiency is allosterically regulated by numerous substances occurring in the cytoplasm. However, the most potent regulator of PFK-1 is fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP), the level of which is strongly associated with 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase activity (PFK-2/FBPase-2, PFKFB). PFK-2/FBPase-2 is a bifunctional enzyme responsible for F-2,6-BP synthesis and degradation. Four isozymes of PFKFB (PFKFB1, PFKFB2, PFKFB3, and PFKFB4) have been identified. Alterations in the levels of all PFK-2/FBPase-2 isozymes have been reported in different diseases. However, most recent studies have focused on an increased expression of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 in cancer tissues and their role in carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on all PFKFB genes and protein structures, and emphasize important differences between the isoenzymes, which likely affect their kinase/phosphatase activities. The main focus is on the latest reports in this field of cancer research, and in particular the impact of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 on tumor progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, and autophagy. We also present the most recent achievements in the development of new drugs targeting these isozymes. Finally, we discuss potential combination therapies using PFKFB3 inhibitors, which may represent important future cancer treatment options.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.