ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Blood Work: Managing Menstruation, Menopause and Gynaecological Health Conditions in the Workplace.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- A mixed methods systematic literature review of barriers and facilitators to help-seeking among women with stigmatised pelvic health symptoms.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Transgender and gender diverse individuals embodying endometriosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Discrimination, Stigma and Taboo Towards the Three Ms' Working Body: A Systematic Review Around Menstruation, Maternity and Menopause.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Cycles of (in)visibility: evolvements, constancies, and frictions of menstrual cycles at work.Frontiers in sociology · 2026Article
- "You lose confidence in yourself, I think, a little bit…" A qualitative study exploring the perceptions and experiences of the barriers and facilitators to wellbeing in women in work over 60 years old.Frontiers in sociology · 2026Article
- Workplace menstrual product policies and worker well-being: Insights from Queensland, Australia.Dialogues in health · 2025Article
- Women's health at work: a qualitative study on women's health issues in relation to work participation. Experiences and perspectives from female teachers and managers in Norwegian high schools.BMC public health · 2024Article
- 'Project period': a workplace health promotion innovation in a higher education setting.Perspectives in public health · 2024Article
- Delays in Blood Work and Disease Burden: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Unmet Blood Work Need and Seven Key Health Conditions Across 21 Countries.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Policies, Guidelines, and Practices Supporting Women's Menstruation, Menstrual Disorders and Menopause at Work: A Critical Global Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A narrative inquiry into women's experiences of menstruation at the workplace in Namibia.Journal of public health in Africa · 2023Article
- Negotiating the ambiguity of an (in)authentic working life: a grounded theory study into severe perineal trauma.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Women's Health and Working Life: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Menstruation, Myopia, and Marginalization: Advancing Menstrual Policies to "Keep Girls in School" at the Risk of Exacerbating Inequalities.Health and human rights · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The menstrual cycle remains neglected in explorations of public health, and entirely remiss in occupational health literature, despite being a problematic source of gendered inequalities at work. This paper proposes the new concept of blood work to explain the relationship between menstruation (and associated gynaecological health conditions) and employment for women and trans/non-binary people. We build on and extend health and organisational literature on managing bodies at work by arguing that those who experience menstruation face additional work or labour in the management of their own bodies through the menstrual cycle. We discuss how this additional labour replicates problematic elements that are identifiable in public health initiatives, in that it is individualised, requiring individual women and trans/non-binary people to navigate unsupportive workplaces. We present findings from an analysis of qualitative survey data that were completed by 627 participants working in higher education, revealing that employees' blood work comprises distinct difficulties that are related to the management of painful, leaking bodies, access to facilities, stigma, and balancing workload. We suggest developing supportive workplaces and public health policies, which refocus the responsibility for accessible, equal workplaces that accommodate menstruating employees, and those with gynaecological health conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.