ReviewBiomedicines2021
Non-Genetically Encoded Epitopes Are Relevant Targets in Autoimmune Diabetes.
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of Post-Translationally Modified Epitopes in Autoimmunity: Someone Has to Fish so Everyone Can Eat.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- SPAID: a comprehensive database for disease-specific autoantigens in autoimmune disorders.Advanced biotechnology · 2026Article
- The beta cell-immune cell interface in type 1 diabetes (T1D).Molecular metabolism · 2023Review
- Recognition of mRNA Splice Variant and Secretory Granule Epitopes by CD4+ T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2023Article
- Preclinical evaluation of a precision medicine approach to DNA vaccination in type 1 diabetes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- ADAR1-dependent editing regulates human β cell transcriptome diversity during inflammation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution.
Funding
Abstract
Islet antigen reactive T cells play a key role in promoting beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Self-reactive T cells are typically deleted through negative selection in the thymus or deviated to a regulatory phenotype. Nevertheless, those processes are imperfect such that even healthy individuals have a reservoir of potentially autoreactive T cells. What remains less clear is how tolerance is lost to insulin and other beta cell specific antigens. Islet autoantibodies, the best predictor of disease risk, are known to recognize classical antigens such as proinsulin, GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8. These antibodies are thought to be supported by the expansion of autoreactive CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.