Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33670992›Full record

ReviewViruses2021

From Submerged Cultures to 3D Cell Culture Models: Evolution of Nasal Epithelial Cells in Asthma Research and Virus Infection.

Malik Aydin, Ella A Naumova, Aliyah Bellm, Ann-Kathrin Behrendt, Federica Giachero, Nora Bahlmann, Wenli Zhang, Stefan Wirth, Friedrich Paulsen, Wolfgang H Arnold and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Malik AydinLaboratory of Experimental Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research, School of Life Sciences (ZBAF), Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448 Witten, Germany.
Ella A NaumovaDepartment of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany.
Aliyah BellmHelios Hospital Krefeld, Children's Hospital, Teaching Hospital of RTWH University Hospital Aachen, 47805 Krefeld, Germany.
Ann-Kathrin BehrendtPediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
Federica GiacheroLaboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Center for Biomedical Education and Research, School of Life Sciences (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany.
Nora BahlmannInstitute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany.
Wenli ZhangInstitute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany.
Stefan WirthChildren's Hospital, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany.
Friedrich PaulsenInstitute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0527-0953
Wolfgang H ArnoldDepartment of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9335-1808
Anja EhrhardtInstitute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the response to viral infection in the context of respiratory diseases is of significant importance. Recently, there has been more focus on the role of the nasal epithelium in disease modeling. Here, we provide an overview of different submerged, organotypic 3D and spheroid cell culture models of nasal epithelial cells, which were used to study asthma and allergy with a special focus on virus infection. In detail, this review summarizes the importance, benefits, and disadvantages of patient-derived cell culture models of nasal- and bronchial epithelial cells, including a comparison of these cell culture models and a discussion on why investigators should consider using nasal epithelial cells in their research. Exposure experiments, simple virus transduction analyses as well as genetic studies can be performed in these models, which may provide first insights into the complexity of molecular signatures and may open new doors for drug discovery and biomarker research.

Indexed as

AnimalsAsthmaCell Culture TechniquesEpithelial CellsHumansNasal MucosaRespiratory MucosaVirus Diseases3D cell cultureair–liquid-interfaceasthmabronchial epithelial cellsculture techniquesepithelial cellsnasal epithelial cellsspheroidssubmergedvirus

Identifiers

PMID33670992
PMCPMC7997270

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.