Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33670778›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

The Role of Butyrylcholinesterase and Iron in the Regulation of Cholinergic Network and Cognitive Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.

Jacek Jasiecki, Monika Targońska, Bartosz Wasąg

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  11. Modulatory Neurotransmitter Genotypes Shape Dynamic Functional Connectome Reconfigurations.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
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  19. Emerging significance of butyrylcholinesterase.World journal of experimental medicine · 2024
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jacek JasieckiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8192-6486
Monika TargońskaDepartment of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Bartosz WasągDepartment of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-3634-7562
Gdańsk Medical University · PLUniversity Clinical Centre · PL

Funding

Ministry of Science and Higher Education Republic of Poland from the quality-promoting sub-sidy under the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) programme 2012 - 2017 Faculty of Pharmacy with Subfaculty of Laboratory Medicine dec. MNiSW-DS-6002-4693-23/WA/12
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia in elderly individuals, is marked by progressive neuron loss. Despite more than 100 years of research on AD, there is still no treatment to cure or prevent the disease. High levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain are neuropathological hallmarks of AD. However, based on postmortem analyses, up to 44% of individuals have been shown to have high Aβ deposits with no clinical signs, due to having a "cognitive reserve". The biochemical mechanism explaining the prevention of cognitive impairment in the presence of Aβ plaques is still unknown. It seems that in addition to protein aggregation, neuroinflammatory changes associated with aging are present in AD brains that are correlated with a higher level of brain iron and oxidative stress. It has been shown that iron accumulates around amyloid plaques in AD mouse models and postmortem brain tissues of AD patients. Iron is required for essential brain functions, including oxidative metabolism, myelination, and neurotransmitter synthesis. However, an imbalance in brain iron homeostasis caused by aging underlies many neurodegenerative diseases. It has been proposed that high iron levels trigger an avalanche of events that push the progress of the disease, accelerating cognitive decline. Patients with increased amyloid plaques and iron are highly likely to develop dementia. Our observations indicate that the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) level seems to be iron-dependent, and reports show that BChE produced by reactive astrocytes can make cognitive functions worse by accelerating the decay of acetylcholine in aging brains. Why, even when there is a genetic risk, do symptoms of the disease appear after many years? Here, we discuss the relationship between genetic factors, age-dependent iron tissue accumulation, and inflammation, focusing on AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsBrainButyrylcholinesteraseCholineCognitive DysfunctionHumansIronButyrylcholinesteraseCholineIronAlzheimer’s diseaseamyloidBChEBuChEbutyrylcholinesteraseIREironneuroinflammationpseudocholinesterase

Identifiers

PMID33670778
PMCPMC7922581
OpenAlexW3130254235

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.