ReviewVaccines2021
COVID-19 Vaccines (Revisited) and Oral-Mucosal Vector System as a Potential Vaccine Platform.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Laminar fluid ejection device enables high yield and preservation of mRNA and SaRNA LNP formulations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Alphaviral backbone of self-amplifying RNA enhances protein expression and immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 antigen.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Oral Immunisation With Non-GMO Surface Displayed SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes on Bacteria-Like Particles Provokes Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses, and Modulated the Gut Microbiome in Mice.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of mRNA-based Vaccines for COVID-19, A New Era in Pharmaceuticals: Unspecified and Unknown Aspects, Effects and Challenges.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Review
- A comprehensive review of oral microenvironment changes and orofacial adverse reactions after COVID-19 vaccination: The good, the bad, and the ugly.Health science reports · 2024Article
- COVID-19 on Oral Health: A New Bilateral Connection for the Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Superior possibilities and upcoming horizons for nanoscience in COVID-19: noteworthy approach for effective diagnostics and management of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.Chemicke zvesti · 2023Review
- Review
- Potential value of neuroimmunotherapy for COVID-19: efficacies and mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation, electroacupuncture, and cholinergic drugs.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Bioactive compounds as potential angiotensin-converting enzyme II inhibitors against COVID-19: a scoping review.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Article
- COVID-19 intranasal vaccines: current progress, advantages, prospects, and challenges.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Mucosal COVID-19 vaccines: Risks, benefits and control of the pandemic.World journal of virology · 2022Review
- Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines for Short- and Long-Term Immunity: A General Overview for the Pandemic Contrast.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Adenoviral vectors for cardiovascular gene therapy applications: a clinical and industry perspective.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- Gastrointestinal Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Viruses · 2022Review
- Estimating & comparing greenhouse gas emissions for existing intramuscular COVID-19 vaccines and a novel thermostable oral vaccine.The journal of climate change and health · 2022Article
- Oral and intranasal vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: Current progress, prospects, advantages, and challenges.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Review
- COVID-19 Vaccines: An Overview of Different Platforms.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There are several emerging strategies for the vaccination of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) however, only a few have yet shown promising effects. Thus, choosing the right pathway and the best prophylactic options in preventing COVID-19 is still challenging at best. Approximately, more than two-hundred vaccines are being tested in different countries, and more than fifty clinical trials are currently undergoing. In this review, we have summarized the immune-based strategies for the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the different vaccine candidate platforms that are in clinical stages of evaluation, and up to the recently licensed mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines of Pfizer-BioNtech and Moderna's. Lastly, we have briefly included the potentials of using the 'RPS-CTP vector system' for the development of a safe and effective oral mucosal COVID-19 vaccine as another vaccine platform.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.