ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Novel Complex of PD-L1 Aptamer and Holliday Junction Enhances Antitumor Efficacy in Vivo.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress of aptamers in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Innovative Applications of Nucleic Acid Aptamers in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy: From Selection Optimization to Clinical Translation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Aptamer-Based Strategies to Boost Immunotherapy in TNBC.Cancers · 2023Review
- Novel Nanotherapeutics for Cancer Immunotherapy by PD-L1-Aptamer-Functionalized and Fexofenadine-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Aptamer-Based Probes for Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Novel Complex of PD-L1 Aptamer and Albumin Enhances Antitumor Efficacy In Vivo.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Future Perspectives of Therapeutic, Diagnostic and Prognostic Aptamers in Eye Pathological Angiogenesis.Cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can diminish immunosuppression and enhance anticancer immunity. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade can be realized by aptamers, which have good biocompatibility and can be synthesized in quantity economically. For in vivo applications, aptamers need to evade renal clearance and nuclease digestion. Here we investigated whether DNA nanostructures could be used to enhance the function of PD-L1 aptamers. Four PD-L1 aptamers (Apt) were built into a Holliday Junction (HJ) to form a tetravalent DNA nanostructure (Apt-HJ). The average size of Apt-HJ was 13.22 nm, which was above the threshold for renal clearance. Apt-HJ also underwent partial phosphorothioate modification and had improved nuclease resistance. Compared with the monovalent PD-L1 aptamer, the tetravalent Apt-HJ had stronger affinity to CT26 colon cancer cells. Moreover, Apt-HJ markedly boosted the antitumor efficacy in vivo vs. free PD-L1 aptamers without raising systemic toxicity. The results indicate that multiple aptamers attached to a DNA nanostructure may significantly improve the function of PD-L1 aptamers in vivo.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.