ReviewBrain sciences2021
Virtual Reality for Neurorehabilitation and Cognitive Enhancement.
Review in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07659288 (Differential Motor and Cognitive Responses to Two Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Approaches in Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Differential Motor and Cognitive Responses to Two Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Approaches in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Comparative Study
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroplasticity Mechanism of Stroke Rehabilitation Training System Based on Virtual Reality: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Visual attention and postural stability among older adults participating in health-enhancing physical activity: a systematic review.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Analyzing metaverse-based digital therapies, their effectiveness, and potential risks in mental healthcare.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual Reality Interventions for Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Virtual Reality on Balance and Risk of Falls in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Virtual Reality-Based Therapy Improves Fatigue, Impact, and Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- The role of virtual reality-based cognitive training in enhancing motivation and cognitive functions in individuals with chronic stroke.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Virtual reality-based training may improve visual memory and some aspects of sustained attention among healthy older adults - preliminary results of a randomized controlled study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Changes in concentration performance and alternating attention after short-term virtual reality training in E-athletes: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Benefits of Telerehabilitation for Patients With Severe Acquired Brain Injury: Promising Results From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Using Nonimmersive Virtual Reality.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Technical system of electroencephalography-based brain-computer interface: Advances, applications, and challenges.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Eye-Tracking Technologies for Cognitive Assessment After Acquired Brain Injury: Systematic Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies · 2026Review
- Virtual Reality as a Digital Premedication to Alleviate Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery: Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Toward Intelligent Rehabilitation Program Management: A System-Level Review of AI Architectures.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Stroke Rehabilitation: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Health Trends and Technologies.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Comparing the Effect of Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality, Computerized Cognitive Training, and Traditional Rehabilitation on Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Elderly Multiple Sclerosis Patients Undergoing Neurorehabilitation: How Many Things are Taken for Granted? A Retrospective Study.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Article
- Virtual reality mediated brain-computer interface training improves sensorimotor neuromodulation in unimpaired and post spinal cord injury individuals.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Rehabilitation: Linking Clinical and Digital Measures of Motor Recovery-A Pilot Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Our access to computer-generated worlds changes the way we feel, how we think, and how we solve problems. In this review, we explore the utility of different types of virtual reality, immersive or non-immersive, for providing controllable, safe environments that enable individual training, neurorehabilitation, or even replacement of lost functions. The neurobiological effects of virtual reality on neuronal plasticity have been shown to result in increased cortical gray matter volumes, higher concentration of electroencephalographic beta-waves, and enhanced cognitive performance. Clinical application of virtual reality is aided by innovative brain-computer interfaces, which allow direct tapping into the electric activity generated by different brain cortical areas for precise voluntary control of connected robotic devices. Virtual reality is also valuable to healthy individuals as a narrative medium for redesigning their individual stories in an integrative process of self-improvement and personal development. Future upgrades of virtual reality-based technologies promise to help humans transcend the limitations of their biological bodies and augment their capacity to mold physical reality to better meet the needs of a globalized world.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.