ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Gut Microbiota and the Quality of Oral Anticoagulation in Vitamin K Antagonists Users: A Review of Potential Implications.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 in comorbid chronic diseased patients, pregnant and lactating women: pathophysiology, available drug treatment, and the most suitable protocol regimen in each group.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Nontherapeutic INR After Hospital Discharge: A Repeated-Measures Analysis of Warfarin-Treated Patients and Potential Drug-Drug Interactions.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Specific gut microbes are associated with the incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the HELIUS cohort.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Article
- Microbiota-mitochondria axis in neurodegenerative disorders and retinal dysfunction: mechanisms and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Cefoperazone-Sulbactam-Associated Coagulation Abnormalities in Elderly Inpatients: A Dual-Center Retrospective Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Potential role of microbiota in ovarian cancer treatment.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Alterations in the cecal microbiome of New Zealand White rabbits due to the long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide brodifacoum.Toxicology communications · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Triangular Relationship among Diet-Gut Microbiota-Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Postbiotics: Functional Food Materials and Therapeutic Agents for Cancer, Diabetes, and Inflammatory Diseases.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Gut microbiome health and dysbiosis: A clinical primer.Pharmacotherapy · 2022Review
- Postbiotics: Current Trends in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- New Paradigms in Antithrombotic Strategies: A Leap into the Future of Cardiovascular Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- From Pre- and Probiotics to Post-Biotics: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants and Drug-Food Interactions: Implications for Clinical Practice and Potential Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) as oral anticoagulants (OACs) depend on the quality of anticoagulation control, as reflected by the mean time in therapeutic range (TTR). Several factors may be involved in poor TTR such as comorbidities, high inter-individual variability, interacting drugs, and non-adherence. Recent studies suggest that gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, but the effect of the GM on anticoagulation control with VKAs is unknown. In the present review article, we propose different mechanisms by which the GM could have an impact on the quality of anticoagulation control in patients taking VKA therapy. We suggest that the potential effects of GM may be mediated first, by an indirect effect of metabolites produced by GM in the availability of VKAs drugs; second, by an effect of vitamin K-producing bacteria; and finally, by the structural modification of the molecules of VKAs. Future research will help confirm these hypotheses and may suggest profiles of bacterial signatures or microbial metabolites, to be used as biomarkers to predict the quality of anticoagulation. This could lead to the design of intervention strategies modulating gut microbiota, for example, by using probiotics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.