Trial reportSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021
A Deep Learning-Based Camera Approach for Vital Sign Monitoring Using Thermography Images for ICU Patients.
Trial report in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring alternative approaches to precision medicine through genomics and artificial intelligence - a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Continuous Monitoring of Vital Signs Using Cameras: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Pooled it
- Implementation of Thermal Camera for Non-Contact Physiological Measurement: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Analysis of Physiological Parameters and Driver Posture for Prevention of Road Accidents: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Thermal Cameras for Overnight Measuring of Respiration in a Clinical Setting.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Unobtrusive Bed Monitor State of the Art.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Novel rapid screening device for carotid artery stenosis using video motion analysis: From concept to product.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Thermal Cameras for Continuous and Contactless Respiration Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Respiratory Rate Estimation from Thermal Video Data Using Spatio-Temporal Deep Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Challenges and prospects of visual contactless physiological monitoring in clinical study.NPJ digital medicine · 2023Review
- AI-Guided Computing Insights into a Thermostat Monitoring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- VitRad: A low-cost continuous wave Doppler radar system with 3D-printed horn antennas for human vital sign detection.HardwareX · 2022Article
- Using a graph-based image segmentation algorithm for remote vital sign estimation and monitoring.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Non-Invasive Data Acquisition and IoT Solution for Human Vital Signs Monitoring: Applications, Limitations and Future Prospects.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Setup for Camera-Based Detection of Simulated Pathological States Using a Neonatal Phantom.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A method for improving semantic segmentation using thermographic images in infants.BMC medical imaging · 2022Article
- Potentials and Challenges of Pervasive Sensing in the Intensive Care Unit.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Review
- Deep Learning-Based Pain Classifier Based on the Facial Expression in Critically Ill Patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- FluNet: An AI-Enabled Influenza-Like Warning System.IEEE sensors journal · 2021Article
- Automatic Separation of Respiratory Flow from Motion in Thermal Videos for Infant Apnea Detection.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infrared thermography for camera-based skin temperature measurement is increasingly used in medical practice, e.g., to detect fevers and infections, such as recently in the COVID-19 pandemic. This contactless method is a promising technology to continuously monitor the vital signs of patients in clinical environments. In this study, we investigated both skin temperature trend measurement and the extraction of respiration-related chest movements to determine the respiratory rate using low-cost hardware in combination with advanced algorithms. In addition, the frequency of medical examinations or visits to the patients was extracted. We implemented a deep learning-based algorithm for real-time vital sign extraction from thermography images. A clinical trial was conducted to record data from patients on an intensive care unit. The YOLOv4-Tiny object detector was applied to extract image regions containing vital signs (head and chest). The infrared frames were manually labeled for evaluation. Validation was performed on a hold-out test dataset of 6 patients and revealed good detector performance (0.75 intersection over union, 0.94 mean average precision). An optical flow algorithm was used to extract the respiratory rate from the chest region. The results show a mean absolute error of 2.69 bpm. We observed a computational performance of 47 fps on an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX module for YOLOv4-Tiny, which proves real-time capability on an embedded GPU system. In conclusion, the proposed method can perform real-time vital sign extraction on a low-cost system-on-module and may thus be a useful method for future contactless vital sign measurements.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.