Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33670009›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Lignin-Stabilized Doxorubicin Microemulsions: Synthesis, Physical Characterization, and In Vitro Assessments.

Abbas Rahdar, Saman Sargazi, Mahmood Barani, Sheida Shahraki, Fakhara Sabir, M Ali Aboudzadeh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Abbas RahdarDepartment of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran.ORCID 0000-0003-4766-9214
Saman SargaziCellular and Molecule Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
Mahmood BaraniDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-1711-2522
Sheida ShahrakiCellular and Molecule Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
Fakhara SabirFaculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0002-4369-1599
M Ali AboudzadehCentro de Física de Materiales, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8829-8072

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Encapsulation of the chemotherapy agents within colloidal systems usually improves drug efficiency and decreases its toxicity. In this study, lignin (LGN) (the second most abundant biopolymer next to cellulose on earth) was employed to prepare novel doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions with the aim of enhancing the bioavailability of DOX. The droplet size of DOX-loaded microemulsion was obtained as ≈ 7.5 nm by dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The entrapment efficiency (EE) % of LGN/DOX microemulsions was calculated to be about 82%. In addition, a slow and sustainable release rate of DOX (68%) was observed after 24 h for these microemulsions. The cytotoxic effects of standard DOX and LGN/DOX microemulsions on non-malignant (HUVEC) and malignant (MCF7 and C152) cell lines were assessed by application of a tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. Disruption of cell membrane integrity was investigated by measuring intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage.

Indexed as

cytotoxicitydoxorubicinin vitrolignin (LGN)microemulsion

Identifiers

PMID33670009
PMCPMC7926373

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.