ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Dietary Quality in Vegetarian and Omnivorous Female Students in Germany: A Retrospective Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of iodine nutrition in modern vegan and vegetarian diets.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Designing a Food Frequency Questionnaire for a Vegetarian Population in Germany by Means of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Serum Lipid Profile in Polish Women Adhering to Different Dietary Patterns: The Cardioprotective Potential of Plant-Based Diets.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Nutrient Intakes in Vegans, Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarians, Orthodox Fasters, and Omnivores in Russia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dietary fats and cardiometabolic health-from public health to personalised nutrition: 'One for all' and 'all for one'.Nutrition bulletin · 2025Article
- Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Assessing the Quality of Simulated Food Patterns with Reduced Animal Protein Using Meal Data from NHANES 2017-2018.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Food-Evoked Emotions and Optimal Portion Sizes of Meat and Vegetables for Men and Women across Five Familiar Dutch Meals: An Online Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Heartfulness in Vegans, Vegetarians, and Omnivores.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The Assessment of a Personalized Nutrition Tool (eNutri) in Germany: Pilot Study on Usability Metrics and Users' Experiences.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Application of a Modified Healthy Eating Index (HEI-Flex) to Compare the Diet Quality of Flexitarians, Vegans and Omnivores in Germany.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Development of a metric Healthy Eating Index-2015 and comparison with the Healthy Eating Index-2015 for the evaluation of dietary quality.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vegetarian diets have gained in popularity, especially among highly educated women, and are considered beneficial to health. Comparative studies assessing the diet of vegetarians against omnivores are rather limited and often provide ambivalent results. Therefore, this study examined the nutrient intake and nutritional quality of vegetarian and omnivorous diets in a group of 61 female students in Germany. Habitual dietary intake was evaluated using a validated graphical online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Differences in nutrient intakes were analyzed by Mann-Whitney-U-Tests. Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated for vegetarians exceeding dietary reference values (DRV) compared to omnivores. The overall nutritional quality was assessed using the Healthy-Eating-Index-2015 (HEI-2015). In omnivores, intakes of total energy from saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-n3-PUFA), cholesterol, sucrose, lactose, retinol, and cobalamin were significantly higher than in vegetarians. Significantly lower intakes were observed for fiber, magnesium, and beta-carotene. Significant OR were detected for total fat (OR = 0.29), SFA (OR = 0.04), beta-carotene (OR = 4.55), and cobalamin (OR = 0.32). HEI-2015 scores were higher for vegetarians than for omnivores (79 points versus 74 points) and significant differences were recorded for the HEI-2015 components dairy, seafood & plant proteins, fatty acids, added sugars, and saturated fatty acids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.