ArticleBrain sciences2021
Intensity of Respiratory Cortical Arousals Is a Distinct Pathophysiologic Feature and Is Associated with Disease Severity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients.
Article in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Greater hypoxic burden predicts weaker coordination between brain pulsation and CSF flow on 7T MRI independent of non-hypoxic arousals: Implications for glymphatic activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Differential cardiovascular and autonomic responses to structurally distinct intermittent hypoxia paradigms in rats.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Endophenotypes of OSA that are responsive to pharmacological agents: a narrative review of trazodone and atomoxetine.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
- OSA Endotyping as Targets for Treatment. How Far Have We Come?Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Review
- The upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea: state of the art.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Exploring the Arousal Intensity in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Based on Odds Ratio Product.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Low arousal threshold is associated with altered functional connectivity of the ascending reticular activating system in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Classification and automatic scoring of arousal intensity during sleep stages using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Altered functional connectivity of the ascending reticular activating system in obstructive sleep apnea.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Insomnia in Patients Undergoing Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Biology · 2023Article
- Translation of obstructive sleep apnea pathophysiology and phenotypes to personalized treatment: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Sensorimotor Cortical Activity during Respiratory Arousals in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea: transition from pathophysiology to an integrative disease model.Journal of sleep research · 2022Review
- Interleukin-4 receptor signaling modulates neuronal network activity.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022Article
- A Novel Quantitative Arousal-Associated EEG-Metric to Predict Severity of Respiratory Distress in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Focus on Pathophysiology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Implications of Obstructive Sleep-related Breathing Disorder in Dentistry: Focus on Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Dental research and oral health · 2022Article
- The Snoring Index Identifies Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.Biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe investigated whether the number, duration and intensity of respiratory arousals (RA) on C3-electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings correlate with polysomnography (PSG)-related disease severity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. We also investigated if every patient might have an individual RA microstructure pattern, independent from OSA-severity.
methodsPSG recordings of 20 OSA patients (9 female; age 27-80 years) were analyzed retrospectively. Correlation coefficients were calculated between RA microstructure (duration, EEG-intensity) and RA number and respiratory disturbance index (RDI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and arousal index (AI). Intraclass correlations (ICC) for both RA duration and intensity were calculated. Sleep stage-specific and apnea- and hypopnea-specific analyses were also done. The probability distributions of duration and intensity were plotted, interpolated with a kernel which fits the distribution. A Bayesian posterior distribution analysis and pair-wise comparisons of each patient with all other 19 patients were performed.
resultsOf the analyzed 2600 RA, strong positive correlations were found between average RA intensity and both RDI and AI. The number of PSG-recorded RA was strongly positively correlated with RDI. Significant correlations between average RA intensity in REM, NREM2 and NREM3 sleep stages and total ODI were identified. No sleep stage-specific correlations of arousal microstructure with age, sex, RDI or AI were identified. Although between-subjects ICC values were <0.25, within-subject ICC values were all >0.7 (all
conclusionsEach individual patient with OSA might have an individual pattern of RA intensity and duration indicating a distinct individual pathophysiological feature. Arousal intensity was significantly higher in hypopneic than in apneic events and may be related causally to the diminished (compared to apneas) respiratory distress associated with hypopneas. RA intensity in REM, NREM2 and NREM3 strongly correlated with ODI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.