ReviewCancers2021
Are In Vitro Human Blood-Brain-Tumor-Barriers Suitable Replacements for In Vivo Models of Brain Permeability for Novel Therapeutics?
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Generation of Advanced Blood-Brain Barrier Spheroids Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Brain Capillary Endothelial-Like Cells.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Role of GPX3+ astrocytes in breast cancer brain metastasis activated by circulating tumor cell exosomes.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- GDNF and cAMP significantly enhanceHeliyon · 2024Article
- Blood-tumor barrier in focus - investigation of glioblastoma-induced effects on the blood-brain barrier.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Co-Culture Models: Key Players in In Vitro Neurotoxicity, Neurodegeneration and BBB Modeling Studies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Interspecies Brain PBPK Modeling Platform to Predict Passive Transport through the Blood-Brain Barrier and Assess Target Site Disposition.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Hybrid-integrated devices for mimicking malignant brain tumors ("tumor-on-a-chip") forFrontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- An Improved In Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Model for the Evaluation of Drug Permeability Using Transwell with Shear Stress.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Ultra-thin and ultra-porous nanofiber networks as a basement-membrane mimic.Lab on a chip · 2023Article
- Cultured brain pericytes adopt an immature phenotype and require endothelial cells for expression of canonical markers and ECM genes.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- The Modular µSiM Reconfigured: Integration of Microfluidic Capabilities to Study In Vitro Barrier Tissue Models under Flow.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Article
- Astrocytes and human artificial blood-brain barrier models.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Article
- On the quest of reliable 3D dynamicFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Strategies for developing complex multi-component in vitro tumor models: Highlights in glioblastoma.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh grade gliomas (HGG) are incapacitating and prematurely fatal diseases. To overcome the poor prognosis, novel therapies must overcome the selective and restricted permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study critically evaluated whether in vitro human normal BBB and tumor BBB (BBTB) are suitable alternatives to "gold standard" in vivo models to determine brain permeability.
methodsA systematic review utilizing the PRISMA guidelines used English and full-text articles from the past 5 years in the PubMed, Embase, Medline and Scopus databases. Experimental studies employing human cell lines were included.
resultsOf 1335 articles, the search identified 24 articles for evaluation after duplicates were removed. Eight in vitro and five in vivo models were identified with the advantages and disadvantages compared within and between models, and against patient clinical data where available. The greatest in vitro barrier integrity and stability, comparable to in vivo and clinical permeability data, were achieved in the presence of all cell types of the neurovascular unit: endothelial cells, astrocytes/glioma cells, pericytes and neurons.
conclusionsIn vitro co-culture BBB models utilizing stem cell-derived or primary cells are a suitable proxy for brain permeability studies in order to reduce animal use in medical research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.