ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Differences in the Concentration of the Fecal Neurotransmitters GABA and Glutamate Are Associated with Microbial Composition among Healthy Human Subjects.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- From Dysbiosis to Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: The Metabolite-Mediated Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- The Gut-Ear Axis: From Dysbiosis to Auditory and Vestibular Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota, Epigenome, and Neurotransmitters in Health and Disease.Cells · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Review of the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Potential Therapies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydroxytyrosol Mitigates Anxiety-Like Behaviors After a Traumatic Experience in Aged Mice in Parallel With Increased Neurogenesis in the Ventral and Dorsal Dentate Gyrus, and Preservation of Gut Microbiota Composition.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring Innovative Approaches for Managing Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Review of Promising Probiotics and Postbiotics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Fructooligosaccharides and Aspergillus enzymes increase brain GABA and homocarnosine by modulating microbiota in adolescent mice.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- The Microbiome-Genetics Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Probiotic Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Comparative characterization of the infant gut microbiome and their maternal lineage by a multi-omics approach.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid as a potential postbiotic mediator in the gut-brain axis.NPJ science of food · 2024Review
- Physiology of γ-aminobutyric acid production byApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- The role of GABA in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A Microbial-Based Approach to Mental Health: The Potential of Probiotics in the Treatment of Depression.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effect of bovine milk fat-based infant formulae on microbiota, metabolites and stool parameters in healthy term infants in a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial.BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- Cell factory for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production using Bifidobacterium adolescentis.Microbial cell factories · 2022Article
- Draft Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium adolescentis 4-2, Isolated from Healthy Human Feces.Microbiology resource announcements · 2022Article
- Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder-Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications.Metabolites · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota modulates the physical and psychological functions of the host through several modes of action. One of them is mediating the production of active neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Here, we analyzed the relationship between fecal GABA concentration and microbial composition in more than 70 human participants. The gut microbiome composition was analyzed using next-generation sequencing based on 16S ribosomal RNA. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate. The GABA level was detected in a broad range (0-330 µg/g feces). The participants' samples were classified into high (>100 µg/g), medium (10-100 µg/g), and low (<10 µg/g) groups, based on fecal GABA concentration. The results reveal that the microbiome of the high-GABA samples had lower alpha diversity than the other samples. Beta diversity analysis showed significant (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.