ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Textile Electrodes: Influence of Knitting Construction and Pressure on the Contact Impedance.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comfort, consistency, and efficiency of garments with textile electrodes versus hydrogel electrodes for neuromuscular electrical stimulation in a randomized crossover trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effects on hemodynamic enhancement and discomfort of a new textile electrode integrated in a sock during calf neuromuscular electrical stimulation.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Trial
- Commercial Metallized Textiles for Dry EEG Electrodes: Structure, Textile-Level Durability, and Controlled Frontal Validation Against Ag/AgCl.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Electrochemical characterisation of new textile electrodes based on a conductive silicon yarn for bioelectrical stimulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Interventions to mitigate pain and reduce skin impedance during neuromuscular electrical stimulation.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2026Article
- Development and Experimental Validation of an Integrated Evaluation Framework for EMS Smartwear Electrodes.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Roll-to-roll fabrication of silver/silver chloride coated yarns for dry electrodes and applications in biosignal monitoring.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Seamlessly integrated textile electrodes and conductive routing in a garment for electrostimulation: design, manufacturing and evaluation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Washable and Flexible Screen-Printed Ag/AgCl Electrode on Textiles for ECG Monitoring.Polymers · 2023Article
- Characterizing the Impedance Properties of Dry E-Textile Electrodes Based on Contact Force and Perspiration.Biosensors · 2023Article
- Conductive Membranes Based on Cotton Fabric Coated with Polymers for Electrode Applications.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Fabrication of Textile-Based Dry Electrode and Analysis of Its Surface EMG Signal for Applying Smart Wear.Polymers · 2022Article
- Development and Characterization of Embroidery-Based Textile Electrodes for Surface EMG Detection.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Synergistic Effect of Screen-Printed Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibrils on Thermophysiological Comfort, Thermal/UV Resistance, Mechanical and Electroconductive Properties of Flame-Retardant Fabric.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Textile electrodes, also called textrodes, for biosignal monitoring as well as electrostimulation are central for the emerging research field of smart textiles. However, so far, only the general suitability of textrodes for those areas was investigated, while the influencing parameters on the contact impedance related to the electrode construction and external factors remain rather unknown. Therefore, in this work, six different knitted electrodes, applied both wet and dry, were compared regarding the influence of specific knitting construction parameters on the three-electrode contact impedance measured on a human forearm. Additionally, the influence of applying pressure was investigated in a two-electrode setup using a water-based agar dummy. Further, simulation of an equivalent circuit was used for quantitative evaluation. Indications were found that the preferred electrode construction to achieve the lowest contact impedance includes a square shaped electrode, knitted with a high yarn density and, in the case of dry electrodes, an uneven surface topography consisting of loops, while in wet condition a smooth surface is favorable. Wet electrodes are showing a greatly reduced contact impedance and are therefore to be preferred over dry ones; however, opportunities are seen for improving the electrode performance of dry electrodes by applying pressure to the system, thereby avoiding disadvantages of wet electrodes with fluid administration, drying-out of the electrolyte, and discomfort arising from a "wet feeling".
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.