Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33666625›Full record

ReviewChemical Society reviews2021

Understanding nanoparticle endocytosis to improve targeting strategies in nanomedicine.

Mauro Sousa de Almeida, Eva Susnik, Barbara Drasler, Patricia Taladriz-Blanco, Alke Petri-Fink, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chemical Society reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 362 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
362citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
49.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

362 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 934 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. EradicatingBioactive materials · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Microplastics, nanoplastics, and thrombogenesis.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026
    Review
  5. A sustained NADBioactive materials · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Targeting mNature communications · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

302 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mauro Sousa de AlmeidaAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. barbara.rothen@unifr.ch.
Eva Susnik
Barbara Drasler
Patricia Taladriz-Blanco
Alke Petri-Fink
Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
University of Fribourg · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast-moving field of nanomedicine takes advantage of features of NPs for the detection and treatment of different types of cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, arthritis as well as neurodegenerative and gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, a detailed understanding of the NP uptake mechanisms by cells and intracellular localization is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications. In the first part of this review, we describe the several endocytic pathways involved in the internalization of NPs and we discuss the impact of the physicochemical properties of NPs on this process. In addition, the potential challenges of using various inhibitors, endocytic markers and genetic approaches to study endocytosis are addressed along with the principal (semi) quantification methods of NP uptake. The second part focuses on synthetic and bio-inspired substances, which can stimulate or decrease the cellular uptake of NPs. This approach could be interesting in nanomedicine where a high accumulation of drugs in the target cells is desirable and clearance by immune cells is to be avoided. This review contributes to an improved understanding of NP endocytic pathways and reveals potential substances, which can be used in nanomedicine to improve NP delivery.

Indexed as

NanomedicineAnimalsEndocytosisHumansNanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID33666625
PMCPMC8111542
OpenAlexW3134254717

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.